ROSACEE. SILVA OF NORTH AMERICA. 123 
CRATA4GUS SCABRIDA. 
Haw. 
Stamens usually 10; anthers dark red-purple. Leaves oval to oblong-obovate, 
acuminate, thick and firm, dark green and scabrous above. 
Crategus scabrida, Sargent, Rhodora, iii. 29; 76 (1901). 
A tree, from fifteen to twenty feet in height, with a short trunk six or eight inches in diameter 
covered with lustrous pale gray-brown bark broken into large thin plate-like scales, and horizontal 
branches which form a broad round-topped head ; or often shrubby, with numerous small stems. The 
branchlets are stout, somewhat mgzag, glabrous, marked by oblong pale lenticels, and armed with 
slender straight or slightly curved light chestnut-brown spines from an inch and a half to two inches in 
length ; dark orange-green when they first appear, they become dark chestnut-brown or orange-brown 
and lustrous before midsummer, and mostly ashy gray during their second year. The leaves vary from 
oval to oblong-obovate, and are acuminate, gradually narrowed from near the middle to the cuneate 
entire base, irregularly and often doubly glandular serrate above, and usually divided, generally only 
above the middle, into several short acute or acuminate lobes; glabrous below and coated above with 
short soft pale hairs when the flowers open at the end of May, when they are about half grown, the 
leaves are thick and firm in texture at maturity, dark green and scabrous on the upper surface, pale 
yellow-green on the lower surface, from two to three inches long and from an inch and a half to two 
inches wide, with slender midribs deeply impressed above and often more or less tinged with red below, 
particularly on vigorous shoots, and four or five pairs of thin prominent primary veins running to the 
points of the lobes; they are borne on slender grooved petioles which are sometimes glandular, often 
slightly winged toward the apex, glabrous or occasionally villose, and from one half to three quarters 
of an inch in length. The stipules are linear, acuminate, and caducous. The flowers are three quarters 
of an inch in diameter, and are produced on slender elongated pedicels, in loose broad many-flowered 
thin-branched glabrous or somewhat villose corymbs, with linear acute glandular-serrate bracts and bract- 
lets. The calyx-tube is narrowly obconic and glabrous, and the lobes are linear-lanceolate, acuminate, 
finely glandular-serrate, and reflexed and bright red at the tips after the flowers open. There are 
usually ten or rarely from five to ten stamens with slender filaments and small dark red-purple anthers, 
and two or three styles surrounded at the base by a thick ring of pale tomentum. The fruit hangs 
in loose drooping many-fruited clusters, on long thin pedicels, and ripens and mostly falls from the 
middle to the end of September ; it is subglobose or short-oblong, full and rounded at the ends, and is 
usually about an inch long; the calyx-cavity is broad and shallow, and generally only the bases of the 
elongated reflexed lobes are found on the ripe fruit; the flesh is thick, dry, and mealy. The two or 
three nutlets are thick, rounded and prominently ridged on the back, and a third of an inch in length. 
Crategus scabrida inhabits limestone ridges and is distributed from the neighborhood of Mon- 
treal' to southwestern Vermont and southwestern New Hampshire. Of the specimens of this species 
which I have seen the first was collected by Mr. J. G. Jack in August, 1899, at the village of Caughna- 
waga in the Province of Quebec. 
1 The specimens collected by Mr. Jack at several points opposite petioles and corymbs, but do not otherwise appear to differ from 
Lachine on the St. Lawrence are slightly pubescent on the young the Vermont and New Hampshire trees. 
