ROSACE. SILVA OF NORTH AMERICA. 135 
CRATAIGUS JONESA. 
Haw. 
STAMENS 10; anthers rose color. Leaves elliptical to ovate, coriaceous, dark green 
and lustrous. 
Cratwgus Jonese, Sargent, Bot. Gazette, xxxi. 14 (1901). Cratzgus coccinea macracantha, Rand & Redfield, FV. 
Mt. Desert Island, 98 (1894). 
A bushy tree, occasionally twenty feet in height, with a short trunk a foot in diameter covered 
with dark brown scaly bark, and ascending branches forming a broad open irregular head; or more 
often a tall broad shrub with numerous thick stems. The branchlets are stout, zigzag for many years, 
armed with stout straight or occasionally curved bright chestnut-brown lustrous spines from two to three 
inches in length, and usually pointed toward the base of the branch; when they first appear they are 
dark green, tomentose, and marked by light red oblong lenticels, becoming orange-brown, glabrous, and 
very lustrous during their first season, and light gray in their second year. The leaves vary from 
elliptical to ovate and are acute at the apex, gradually narrowed or broadly cuneate at the entire base, 
coarsely and doubly serrate above, with spreading or incurved teeth tipped with deciduous dark red 
glands, and usually divided above the middle into two or three pairs of short acute or acuminate lobes ; 
when the flowers open during the first week of June they are more than half grown, membranaceous, 
and coated with soft pale hairs, which are most abundant on the under side of the midribs and principal 
veins, and in the autumn they are thick and coriaceous, dark green and very lustrous on the upper 
surface, pale and puberulous on the lower surface, from three to four inches long and from two to three 
inches broad, with stout midribs deeply impressed on the upper side and from four to six pairs of 
primary veins and conspicuous secondary veinlets; they are borne on stout deeply grooved petioles 
more or less winged toward the apex by the decurrent bases of the leaf-blades, villose, ultimately 
glabrous, tinged with red below the middle, from an inch and a half to two inches long, and after 
midsummer often twisted near the base, thus bringing the lower surface of the leaves to the light. 
The stipules are linear-lanceolate, entire, from one quarter to one half of an inch in length, and dark 
green, fading red. On vigorous leading shoots the leaves are often more coarsely serrate and are usually 
much more deeply lobed than the leaves of lateral branchlets, with broadly winged petioles and falcate 
coarsely glandular-serrate stipules sometimes an inch in length. The flowers, which are an inch in 
diameter and bad-smelling, are produced on long slender pedicels, in broad loose lax compound many- 
flowered thin-branched tomentose corymbs, with linear finely glandular-serrate caducous bracts and 
bractlets. The calyx-tube is narrowly obconic and tomentose, and the lobes are abruptly narrowed 
from broad bases, elongated, acute, entire, villose, and reflexed after the flowers open. There are ten 
stamens with long slender filaments and large pale rose-colored anthers, and two or generally three styles 
surrounded at the base by a narrow ring of pale tomentum. The fruit ripens usually early in October 
and hangs on the slender elongated pedicels, in broad many-fruited drooping glabrous or puberulous 
clusters ; it varies from oblong to oblong-obovate and is full and rounded at the ends, bright carmine 
red, marked by occasional large dark dots, from three quarters of an inch to an inch long and three 
quarters of an inch broad; the calyx-cavity is broad and shallow, and the lobes are elongated and 
closely pressed against the fruit; the flesh is thick, yellow, sweet, and mealy. The three or rarely two 
nutlets are thick, rounded and ridged on the back, with high broad ridges, and about seven sixteenths 
of an inch long. 
