ROSACEA. SILVA OF NORTH AMERICA. 137 
CRATAIGUS MARGARETTA. 
Haw. 
STAMENS usually 20; anthers yellow. Leaves broadly rhombic to oblong-obovate, 
thick and firm, dark green. 
Crategus Margaretta, Ashe, Jour. Elisha Mitchell Sci. Soc. xvi. pt. ii. 72 (1900). — Gattinger, FZ. Tennessee, 100. 
A tree, occasionally twenty-five feet in height, with a straight trunk from four to six inches in 
diameter covered with thin dark gray-brown bark broken into small plate-like closely appressed scales, 
and thin rather erect branches which form a narrow open head; or sometimes a wide bush with 
numerous stout spreading stems. The branchlets are slender, generally nearly straight, marked by small 
oblong pale lenticels, and armed with thin straight or slightly curved bright chestnut-brown spines from 
three quarters of an inch to an inch and a half in length, or occasionally unarmed ; when they first 
appear they are orange-green, and glabrous or sometimes pubescent for a short time, and during their 
first summer they become bright chestnut-brown and lustrous, and ashy gray or gray tinged with red 
during their second year. The leaves are broadly rhombic, oblong-obovate or rarely ovate, acute or 
rounded at the apex, gradually narrowed and usually entire below, coarsely and often doubly crenulate- 
serrate above, with mostly glandless teeth, and often divided above the middle, or frequently only at the 
apex, into short broad rounded or acute lobes; when the flowers open early in May they are membrana- 
ceous, roughened above by short pale hairs and glabrous below, and in the autumn they are firm and 
rather leathery in texture or subcoriaceous, glabrous, smooth, dark green and somewhat lustrous on the 
upper surface, pale on the lower surface, from an inch to an inch and a quarter long and about an inch 
wide, with yellow midribs and from three to five pairs of thin primary veins extending very obliquely to 
the points of the lobes and deeply impressed on the upper side; they are borne on slender grooved 
petioles often slightly winged toward the apex, glandular at first on the upper side, with minute dark 
red caducous glands, and from half an inch to an inch in length. The stipules are linear, acuminate, 
glandular-serrate, and soon disappear. On vigorous leading shoots the leaves are broadly ovate or 
semiorbicular, usually more deeply and more generally lobed than the leaves of lateral branchlets, often 
three inches long and from two to three inches wide. The flowers are about three quarters of an 
inch in diameter, and are produced on slender elongated pedicels, in three to twelve-flowered compound 
thin-branched slightly villose corymbs, with narrow oblong-obovate acute or acuminate conspicuously 
glandular bracts and bractlets. The calyx-tube is narrowly obconic and slightly villose toward the base, 
or glabrous, and the lobes are gradually narrowed from broad bases, acuminate or short-pointed at the 
apex, finely and irregularly glandular-serrate, glabrous, or villose on the inner surface, and reflexed after 
the flowers open. There are usually twenty stamens with slender filaments and small yellow anthers, 
and two or three styles surrounded at the base by a narrow ring of pale tomentum and villose below the 
middle with occasional long spreading hairs. The fruit ripens and mostly falls toward the end of 
September and is borne in few-fruited drooping clusters ; it is short-oblong and full and rounded at the 
ends or subglobose and flattened at the ends, dull dark red or rusty orange-red marked by occasional 
dark dots, and about half an inch long; the calyx-cavity is broad and shallow, and the lobes are 
spreading or erect and frequently deciduous before the fruit ripens; the flesh is thin, yellow, dry, and 
mealy. The two or three nutlets are thick, conspicuously grooved and ridged on the back, with broad 
rounded ridges, and about a quarter of an inch long. 
Crategus Margaretta grows by the banks of streams and on open hillsides. It has been found in 
