ROSACEZS. SILVA OF NORTH AMERICA. 155 
CRATAiGUS FLAVA. 
Haw. 
STAMENS 20; anthers purple. Leaves elliptical to obovate, usually acute, membra- 
naceous, yellow-green. 
Crategus flava, Aiton, Hort. Kew. ii. 169 (1789). 
A tree, from fifteen to twenty feet in height, with a tall trunk eight or ten inches in diameter 
covered with thick dark brown bark tinged with red, and deeply divided into narrow rounded ridges, 
and stout wide-spreading branches forming an open and somewhat irregular head sometimes twenty 
feet across. The branchlets are slender, slightly zigzag, glabrous, marked by numerous small pale lenti- 
cels, and armed with thin nearly straight bright chestnut-brown spines from three quarters of an inch 
to an inch and a quarter in length; they are dark green deeply tinged with red when they first 
appear, and dull red-brown or orange-brown during their first season, becoming gradually darker the 
following year, and ultimately dark gray-brown. The leaves are elliptical or broadly obovate, acute or 
rarely rounded at the apex, gradually narrowed and cuneate at the base, coarsely and doubly serrate, 
with broad straight or incurved teeth tipped with large dark red stipitate glands which are also con- 
spicuous on the entire base; when they unfold they are bronze color, villose above with occasional short 
pale caducous hairs which are most abundant near the base of the midribs, and pubescent below on the 
midribs and veins; they are about half grown when the flowers open from the tenth to the twentieth of 
April, and at maturity are membranaceous, yellow-green, usually about two inches long and an inch 
and a half wide, with slender yellow midribs and three or four pairs of thin primary veins usually 
puberulous on the under side and only slightly impressed above; they are borne on slender grooved 
glandular petioles winged often nearly to the base by the decurrent leaf-blades, generally about half an 
inch long, more or less villose, and after midsummer often light red on the lower side. The stipules 
are linear, acute, and, like the inner scales of the leaf-buds, bright red and glandular. On vigorous 
leading shoots the leaves are frequently three inches long and two inches wide, and are sometimes 
broadly ovate, and three-lobed or divided into two or three pairs of lateral lobes, with petioles which 
vary from an inch to an inch and a half in length and are broadly winged and conspicuously glandular, 
and foliaceous lunate or elliptical coarsely glandular-serrate stipules. The flowers are about three 
quarters of an inch in diameter, and are produced on short slender pedicels, in few-flowered simple or 
compound slightly villose compact corymbs, with lanceolate acute coarsely glandular-serrate bracts and 
bractlets which become light red before falling. The calyx-tube is broadly obeonic and glabrous, and 
the lobes are wide, acute, usually laciniately divided, and very glandular. There are twenty stamens 
with long filaments and large purple anthers, and five styles. The fruit, which ripens early in October 
and soon falls, is produced in few-fruited drooping clusters ; it is oblong, full and rounded at the ends, 
dark orange-brown, from one half to five eighths of an inch long and from one third to one half of an 
inch wide; the calyx is prominent, with a long narrow tube and enlarged closely appressed lobes often 
deciduous before the fruit ripens; the flesh is thick, orange-colored, dry, and mealy. The five nutlets 
are ridged and deeply grooved on the back, with high narrow ridges, and about a quarter of an inch 
long. 
Crategus flava grows in dry sandy soil and is now known to me only in the neighborhood of 
