ROSACEZ. SILVA OF NORTH AMERICA. 157 
CRATZEGUS CONSANGUINEA, 
Haw. 
STAMENS 20; anthers purple. Leaves obovate or suborbicular. 
Cratzgus consanguinea, Beadle, Biltmore Bot. Studies, i. 34 (1901). 
A tree, often twenty feet in height, with a tall trunk six or eight inches in diameter covered with 
nearly black deeply furrowed bark broken into short thick closely appressed scales, and wide-spreading 
and often pendulous branches forming a broad symmetrical handsome head. The branchlets are slender, 
slightly zigzag, marked by small pale lenticels, and armed with short nearly straight gray or chestnut- 
brown spines varying from one third to three quarters of an inch in length ; green more or less tinged 
with red and covered with pale caducous hairs when they first appear, they soon become bright red- 
brown and lustrous, and in their second season are dull reddish brown. The leaves are broadly ovate, 
nearly orbicular, or occasionally oval or rhombic, acute and generally short-pointed at the apex, 
gradually narrowed and concave-cuneate or sometimes rounded at the entire base, finely and often 
doubly serrate, with glandular teeth, and frequently irregularly divided above the middle into short 
acute lobes; nearly fully grown when the flowers open at the end of March or early in April, they are 
then very thin, blue-green, and slightly villose, particularly along the midribs and veins, and at maturity 
they are thin but firm in texture, bright green, glabrous with the exception of a few hairs on the under 
sides of the slender midribs and thin primary veins extending very obliquely toward the apex of the 
leaf, about an inch in length and from three quarters of an inch to seven eighths of an inch in width, 
or on vigorous shoots from an inch and a half to two inches long and wide ; they are borne on slender 
grooved glandular petioles broadened above by the gradually narrowed base of the leaf-blades, at first 
villose, ultimately glabrous, and from one third to three quarters of an inch long. The stipules vary 
from linear to lunate, and are glandular, often bright red before falling, small, and caducous. The 
flowers are three quarters of an inch in diameter, and are produced on slender elongated villose pedicels 
in simple one to five-flowered corymbs, with oblanceolate acuminate bright red caducous bracts and 
bractlets. The calyx-tube is broadly obconic and sparingly furnished with long pale caducous hairs, 
and the lobes are gradually narrowed from broad bases, acute, glandular, with minute bright red 
glands, glabrous, and reflexed after the flowers open. There are twenty stamens with small purple 
anthers, and from three to five styles surrounded at the base by a narrow ring of short pale hairs. 
The fruit, which ripens and falls about the middle of September, is borne on slender glabrous pedicels, 
often only a single fruit of a cluster developing ; it is globose or depressed globose, bright red, marked 
by small dark dots, and nearly half an inch in diameter ; the calyx is prominent, with a narrow deep 
cavity and enlarged appressed lobes; and the flesh is thin, yellow, dry, and mealy. The nutlets vary 
from three to five in number, and are thick, ridged on the back, with low broad rounded ridges, and 
about five sixteenths of an inch in length. 
Crategus consanguinea inhabits dry upland Oak woods in western Florida, and is distributed from 
the neighborhood of Tallahassee to the Appalachicola River. It is very abundant in the neighborhood 
of River Junction and at Aspalaga, where it was probably first collected in April, 1897, by Dr. A. W. 
Chapman. 
