OF SEVERAL PARTS OF AVESTERN ASIA. 387 



one of the hot springs at Broosa, used for supplying warm baths. 

 On the label accompanying the specimens, Mr. Schneider remarks, 

 that " the spring gushes hot from the foot of the mountain, and 

 warms the bath sufficiently without artificial heat. At the orifice 

 it is hot enough to boil an egg (not very hard) in five minutes. 

 The bath is called Kiikiirtlii, or sulphureous bath, because its waters 

 are strongly impregnated with sulphm-eted hydrogen. When a 

 piece of the earth is broken off, the vacancy is soon filled up. 

 Very near this spring are two others, whose waters are materially 

 different from that which supplies KiJkiirtlu. I intended to have 

 bottled some of these waters and sent them to you, that you might 

 analyze them if you wished ; but forgot it till too late. Some 

 travellers have attempted to perform this work ; but I fear it has 

 not been done well." 



No. 260 is a deposit of some interest from one of these springs. 

 Its lower part is calcareous tufa, more crystalline than usual. 

 Upon this is a deposit, nearly an inch thick, highly porous and 

 somewhat crystalline, which, on boiling fifteen minutes, with 

 twice its weight of carbonate of soda, was converted into car- 

 bonate of lime ; from whence I infer the deposit to be sulphate 

 of lime. Upon the sulphate of lime is a slight incrustation of 

 sulphur, which Mr. Schneider says was originally "a crop of 

 beautiful sulphur crystals." 



No. 646 is calcareous tufa from the Castle Hill of Broosa, 

 which is penetrated by cavities having the form of vegetables, 

 around which the tufa was deposited. 



Other varieties of limestone occur in the vicinity of Broosa ; 

 one of which, the brecciated, with red veins, has been already 

 described (No. 252), as found near the foot of Olympus. At 

 seven or eight miles distance from the city, is a mountain, where 

 there exists the compact limestone. No. 261. In ascending 

 Olympus different limestones occur ; and at the height of six 

 hundred feet, are several varieties of rock, (Nos. 159 to 163,) 

 which, Mith some hesitation, I refer to sandstone and conglome- 

 rate. They are quarried for millstones, and Nos. 159, 160, 163, 

 appear to be a fine-grained, highly siliceous sandstone : yet it is 

 possible that they may be a quartzose variety of gneiss, in which 



