392 NOTES ox THE GEOLOGY 



lent quality. An analysis of one hundred parts gave the follow- 

 ing results. 



Earthy matter, .5.8 



Volatile matter, 31.8 



Carbon 62.4 



100. 



No. 642 was obtained by Mr. Van Lenncp from the western 

 banks of the Bosphorus, and appears to be coal identical almost 

 with that from Heraclea. The lignite, No. 643, is from the same 

 shore. On the shores of the Black Sea, in Thrace, is an inter- 

 esting and extensive deposit of lignite.. Nos. 329, 330, and 412, 

 are from the Thracian bed, and for them I am indebted to Messrs. 

 Homes and Hamlin. The former gentleman says, that the bed 

 is five miles long, and from three to ten feet thick. The latter 

 has sent specimens of the clay and limestone which contain the 

 lignite. No. 409 is a friable clay, with traces of plants : No. 410 

 is a more compact clay, somewhat calcareous; and No. 411 

 is a limestone partly Oolitic and partly made up of small rounded 

 grains of limestone. There can hardly be a doubt, from these 

 specimens, that this lignite is in a tertiary formation, about which 

 more, we hope, may ere long be brought to light. In the vicinity 

 of the lignite bed, is a protrusion of trap, as appears from No. 

 421, which is a concretion of trap. From the manner in which 

 the "lignite strata" dip from this trap, as described by Mr. Ham- 

 lin, I suspect its protrusion to be more recent than the deposition 

 of the tertiary formation. 



Some other specimens have been transmitted by Mr. Hamlin 

 from the vicinity of Constantinople, which desen^e notice. No. 

 400 is black limestone, from the Sutton black marble quarry, 

 near the quarantine grounds, almost five miles up the Bosphorus 

 from Constantinople, on the Asiatic side. No. 408 is rich pjTi- 

 tous copper, from the copper-mine called the Sutton mine on 

 the Bosphorus, near the Black Sea, above Bugukdere. From 

 the specimens of gray sandstone, Nos. 404, 405, 406, obtained 



