OF SEVERAL PARTS OF AVESTERN ASIA. 397 



actly similar to the rock from which the spring thirty miles east 

 of Baiboot issues (No. 462). These specimens will evidently 

 give a good idea of the most common limestone along most of 

 the route from Trebizond to Erzeroum. No. 476 is a distinct 

 specimen of the older variety of argillaceous slate, from the vicin- 

 ity of the spring, thirty miles east of Baiboot. It is tortuous and 

 plumbaginous. 



The temperature of the springs above described, Mr. Perkins 

 did not ascertain, but thinks it was rather higher than that of the 

 common springs of the country. The water tasted lilve that from 

 a soda fountain, and both in appearance and taste resembles the 

 spring on the east side of the lake Oroomiah, in which is de- 

 posited the famous Tabreez marble, or alabaster. 



In passing from Baiboot to Erzeroum, twelve miles before 

 reaching the latter city, and at Eleeja, there occurs a hot spring, 

 whose temperature Mr. Perkins ascertained to be ninety-three 

 degrees of Fahrenheit. Twenty-four miles east of Erzeroum, at 

 Hassan Calleh, is another, whose temperature is ninety-six de- 

 grees. No. 463 is a specimen of the compact limestone from 

 which the spring at Eleeja issues ; and Nos. 464 and 465 are fine 

 conglomerates, whose abundant calcareous cement is a deposit 

 from this spring. When we reach the vicinity of lake Oroo- 

 miah in Persia, many other interesting mineral springs occur. 

 But their nature and geological situation will be better under- 

 stood after giving some general account of the rocks in that 

 region, and of the lake itself. Previously, however, let us go 

 back upon the route to Trebizond and notice a few more 

 specimens. 



No. 426 is a specimen of soft limestone, such as occurs all the 

 way between Baiboot and Erzeroum ; and, indeed, still further 

 northwest than the former city ; so as to make a distance cer- 

 tainly of one hundred miles. If it do not belong to the chalk 

 formation, it may be tertiary. But Prof. Bailey found in it no 

 cretaceous Foraminifera. It is associated at Baiboot with a com- 

 pact limestone, Nos. 427, 428 ; and passes into a sort of calcareous 

 sandstone, Nos. 431 and 432, which form the common building- 

 stone of that place. At Madden, in Pontus, the building-stone 



