Organs of the Verrucarize. 273 
which have served as the basis and are enumerated in the 
synonymy of the first fasciculus of his Monograph of the genus 
Verrucaria. 
Of the species with bilocular spores without paraphyses, he 
has repeatedly noticed as hermaphrodite :—Pyrenula olivacea, 
Scheer. (Garoy. hb.); V. olivacea, Gar. (Garov. hb.); Acrocordia 
decussata, Krmphbr. (Rab. 646) ; Sagedia olivacea, Fr. (Anai, 
Langob. 408). 
Of the species (saxicolar) with quadrilocular, large, not fusi- 
form spores, he has found as hermaphrodite :—all the varieties of 
V. pseudo-Dufourei, Gar.; V. cryptarum, Gar. (Gar. hb.) ; V. 
Leonina, Anzi (Lang. 242); Sagedia bubulce, Mass. (Anzi, Lich. 
Ven. 136). 
To these must be added the saxicolar species with multi- 
locular or muriform spores, whether 2- or 8-spored, as V. macu- 
liformis, Krmphbr. (Anzi, Lang. 367) ; Sagedia Sprucei, C. Bab. 
(Anzi, Lang. 286); Thelotrema quinqueseptatum, Hepp. (Exs. 
99); Sagedia pyrenophora, Ach. (Hepp. 97). 
And also all the species in herb. Garovaglio which the Pro- 
fessor has described as V. fissa, Gav.; V. Catalepta, Ach.; V. rufa, 
Gar.; V. antercedens, Nyl.; V. pallide-lutea, Gar., &c. 
All the foregoing are saxicolar species, and all absolutely 
without paraphyses. 
Most of the corticolar species which he has examined have para- 
physes; and all are diclinous. He has discovered spermogonia in all 
the following corticolar Verrucarie furnished with paraphyses :— 
V. gemmata, Ach.; V. epidermidis, Ach.; Pyrenula nitida, Ach.; 
Sagedia byssophila, Korb. (Hepp. 695) ; Arthropyrenia fraxini, 
Mass. (Exs. 288) ; Sagedia candida, Anzi (Lich. Lang. 221); 
V. punctiformis, Pers., var. diminuta, Flot. (Garov. hb.) ; V. 
cinerea, B. atomaria, Flot. (Garov. hb.); V. cinereo-pruinosa, 
Scher. (Garov. hb.) ; V. carpinea, Pers. (Garov. hb.) ; Sagedia 
carpinea, Pers., Mass. (Anzi, Lich. Ven. 139); V. conoidea, Fr. 
(Garoy. hb.). And he doubts not that further examination will 
detect them in all the other species haying paraphyses. 
The spermogonia are sometimes plurilocular, and the sepi- 
ments are not formed of cellules with black carbonaceous walls, 
like that which limits the spermogonia externally, but of a mass 
of hymeneal corpuscles cemented by a mucilage which organizes 
itself to cellular walls or into sterigmatic tubes. All the sper- 
matia are cylindrical and straight, except those of Pyreinula 
nitida, Ach., P. glabrata, and their allies, which are filiform, 
incurved. Proportionately to the size of the apothecia, the 
spermatia of the diclinous species are much larger than those of 
the monoclinous or hermaphredite species. 
He supposes that in the hermaphrodite species the spermatia 
Ann. § Mag. N. Hist, Ser. 3. Vol. xvit. 
