from Sta. Barbara, California. 275 
between these and their existing representatives may be expected 
to present results analogous to those now being worked out 
with such discerning accuracy from the various newer beds of 
modern Europe. 
The first collection of Californian fossils seen in the east was 
made near Sta. Barbara by Col. E. Jewett in 1849; but no ac- 
count was published of them before the list in the British Asso- 
ciation Report (1863), p.539. They consist of forty-six species, 
of which twenty-nine are knownto be now living in the Cali- 
fornian seas, and others may yet be found there. The following 
ten are Vancouver species, some of which may travel down to 
the northern part of California :— 
Margarita pupilla, Priene Oregonensis, 
Galerus fastigiatus, Trophon Orpheus, 
Bittium filosum, Chrysodomus carinatus, 
Lacuna solidula, C. tabulatus, and 
Natica clausa, C. dirus. 
Some of these are distinctly boreal shells, as are also Crepidula 
grandis (of which Col. Jewett obtained a giant, 34 inches long, 
and which now lives on a smaller scale in Kamtschatka) and 
Trophon tenuisculptus (whose relations will be presently pointed 
out). So far, then, we have a condition of things differing from 
that of the present seas, somewhat as the Red Crag differs from 
the Coralline. But in the very same bed (and the shells are in 
such beautiful condition that they all appear to have lived on 
the spot, which was perhaps suddenly caused to emerge by 
volcanic agency) are found not only tropical species which even 
yet struggle northwards into the same latitudes (as Chione 
succincta), but also species now found only in southern regions, 
as Cardium graniferum and Pecten floridus. Besides these, 
the following, unknown except in this bed, are of a distinctly 
tropical type, viz. : 
Opalia, var. insculpta. Pisania fortis. 
Chrysallida, sp. 
From a single collection made only at one spot, in a few 
weeks, and from the very fragmentary information to be derived 
from the collections of the Pacific Railway surveys (described by 
Mr. Conrad, and tabulated in the Brit. Assoc. Report, 1863, 
pp- 589-596), it would be premature to draw inferences. We 
shall await with great interest the more complete account to be 
given by Mr. Gabb in the Report of the California Geological 
Survey. With the greatest urbanity, that gentleman has sent 
his doubtful Pleistocene fossils to the writer, to be compared 
with the living fauna; but it would be unfair here to give any 
18% 
