SEA-LIONS, AND SEA-BEARS. 27 



phus Grilliespu is elongate, coming far forward, and acute in front, 

 and becomes shorter, narrower, and rounded in front in the full- 

 grown animals. 



It is to be observed that the two forms of the opening to the 

 palate have been observed in the two species of the genus Euotaria. 



AU these variations have been considered characteristic of species 

 when only one skull has been examined : but the accession of a larger 

 series of skuUs shows how these parts vary during growth, and the 

 necessity of examining a series of specimens of each species. 



Several genera of Sea-bears, as Oypsophoca, Arctophoca (if not 

 the same as the former), and Eumetopias, have the upper hinder 

 grinder directed backwards, especially at the tip. 



A. The grinders ^^ ; the fifth and sixth npi)er quite behind the hack edye of 

 the front of the zygomatic arch. 



Tribe 2. GYPSOPHOCINA. 



2. GYPSOPHOCA, Oray, P. Z. S. 1872, p. 659. 



ArctocephaUis, *** Gypsophoca, Gray, Su}!})!. Cat. Seals i§- Whales, 

 p. 24. 



Skull broad behind, at the part behind the ear-hole ; the palate 

 narrow, concave ; the internal nostrils rounded in front, and di- 

 verging on the sides behind. Grinders |^ ; the two hinder upper 

 with two roots, quite behind the hinder edge of the zygomatic arch ; 

 the fifth lower fitting between the fourth and fifth upper grinders ; 

 the crown of the grinders triangular, elongate, recurved ; the upper 

 with a slight denticle in front of the base, the two hinder smooth ; 

 the lower ones with a very slight notch on each side. 



This genus probably has a large geographical distribution. 



This genus differs from Arctocephalus in the position of the upper 

 grinders, the narrowness of the palate, &c. 



The smaU skull figured as Otaria StelUri in the ' Pauna Japonica,' 

 t. xxii. figs. 5 & 6, is more probably a species of the genus Gypyso- 

 phoca than of the genus Euotaria to which I formerly referred it. 



Dr. Hector, in the Transactions of the New-Zealand Institute, 

 iv. p. 12, fig. 2, figures a skull under the name of Arctocep>halus 

 cinereus (young), from Auckland Island, which is evidently a Oyp- 

 sophoca ; but the skull figured by Dr. Hector wants the last pair of 

 grinders in the upper jaw, but the cavities for the reception of their 

 roots are well marked. This skull is certainly not a young Phoc- 

 arcfos, as Mr. Clark appears to think, P. Z. S. 1873, p. 759. 



Dr. Peters, in the ' Monatsbericht,' 1866, p. 276, t. 2, describes 

 and figures a skull from Juan Fernandez, on the west coast of Ame- 

 rica, which he received from Dr. Philippi, and founded on it his 

 genus Arctophoca, calling it A. PhiJIppii. 



This skull of A. Philippii, from the large size and peculiar form 

 of the brain-cavity, and the peculiarities of its underside (especially 

 its large foramen), agrees with the skull of Gypsophoca tropicalis, 

 from North Australia, in the British Museum ; but it is described and 



