116 STATES OF INSECTS. (Larva.) 
pound ones, such as are found on the rest of the body. 
This is the case with one of a butterfly named by Rosel 
Papilio morsa. The most common colour of the head 
of larvee, where it differs from the rest of the body, isa 
darker or lighter reddish brown, or piceous. ‘This is 
particularly observable in those of Coleopterous insects, 
but it is very commonly in other tribes of the same hue. 
Sometimes, amongst the Lepidoptera, the head is of a 
different colour from the rest of the body; especially 
where a contrast renders it striking. I can show the ca- 
terpillar of some insect, probably of the hawk-moth tribe 
(Sphingide), from Georgia, remarkable for the length of 
its anal spine, in which the body is black, and the head 
red: another has a white head and a brown body. In 
the larve of some Lepidoptera, Coleoptera, and Diptera, 
the head can be wholly or nearly withdrawn within the 
first segment of the body. ‘This may be readily seen in 
that of the common glow-worm; and that of a small gnat 
(Limnobia replicata) withdraws it so completely that the 
anterior margin of that segment closes the orifice, so that 
the animal appears to have no head*.—The parts of the 
head which require distinct consideration are, the eyes, 
antenna, and the mouth: consisting of various organs, 
which will be specified. Some of these parts and organs 
are peculiar to larvee of one order, others to those of an- 
other, and some are furnished with them all. 
Eyes. ‘The larvee of many insects have no eyes. The 
lamellicorn and capricorn beetles amongst the Coleoptera 
are without them, and probably several others; and 
amongst the Dzptera, all those with a membranous or 
* De Geer vi. 352. 
