136 STATES OF INSECTS. (Larva.) 
1. In the larvee of the great majority of butterflies 
and moths they assume the form of a truncated cone, 
the lower and smaller end of which is expanded into a 
semicircular or subtriangular plate, having the inner 
half of its circumference beset with the claws above men- 
tioned; and, from its great power of dilating and con- 
tracting, admirably adapted for performing the offices of 
a foot. Jungius calls these legs pedes elephantini* ; and 
the term is not altogether inapplicable, since they exhibit 
considerable resemblance to the clumsy but accommo- 
dating leg and foot of the gigantic animal he alludes to. 
2. The larve of many minute moths, particularly of 
the Fabrician genera TYortrix and Tinea—those which 
live in convoluted leaves, the interior of fruits, &c., as well 
as the Cossus, and some other large moths,—have their 
prolegs of a form not very unlike those of the preceding 
class, but shorter, and without any terminal expansion ; 
the apex, moreover, is wholly, instead of half, surround- 
ed with claws®; the additional provision of which, to- 
gether with a centrical kind of nipple capable of being 
protruded or retracted, in some measure, though imper- 
fectly, supplies the place of the more flexible plate-like 
expansion present in the first class. 
3. The third class is composed of a very few Lepzdo- 
pterous larve which have their prolegs very thick and 
conical at the base, but afterwards remarkably slender, 
long, and cylindrical, so as exactly to assume the shape 
of a wooden leg‘. ‘These, as in the first class, are ex~ 
panded at the end into a flat plate: but this is wholly 
circular, is surrounded with claws, and has also in the 
middle a retractile nipple, as in the preceding class. In 
* Hist. Vermium, 130. > Prate XXIII. Fic. 1. 
© Plate XXIII. Fie. 18. 
