252 STATES OF INSECTS. (Pupa.) 
high-flier (Apatura Iris *): though in this last it is not 
conspicuous. But the most remarkable instance of a 
single eminence from the head is exhibited by the 
pupa of a tropical butterfiy (Morpho Idomeneus ), figured 
by Madame Merian. In this the head projects into a 
long incurved obtuse horn’. In others the head is 
armed with two mucros, or conical eminences. This is 
the case with the common butterfly of the nettle (Vanessa 
Urtice *), and with that of the beautiful Papilio Ma- 
chaon*. In these the prominences are trigonal. ‘These 
processes, which in some, as in the peacock-butterfly 
(Vanessa Jo), stand upright *, and in others diverge (Pa- 
pilio Machaon), form the eye-cases of the included imago; 
and in their outer base is planted the crescent-shaped 
piece I lately mentioned, which seems intended to convey 
light into it. In many the prothorax, besides a lateral 
angular projection, has in the middle another triangular 
or trigonal one, somewhat resembling a Roman nose ; on 
each side of which is a smaller elevated black point: so 
that it requires no great stretch of imagination to find 
out in it a sort of resemblance to the human face, which, 
though not quite so striking as honest Goedart figures it’, 
is however very considerable. In the pupa of Morpho 
Menelaus, figured by Madame Merian £, this nasiform 
prominence of the prothorax is extended into a long 
arched horn, reaching to the middle of the abdomen. 
The pupa of the silver-washed fritillary (Argynnis Pa- 
* PratE XVI. Fic. 10. 
» Ins. Surinam. t. 1x. It is singular that the chrysalis of its congener, 
Morpho Teucer, which she figures ¢. xxiii., exhibits no such process. 
The larvee also widely differ. ¢ Pirate XVI. Fic. 11. 
* Sepp ii. ¢. iii. fi 5. fe Nepp (2. ,Vil. f. o. 
* De Insectis, ed. Lister. t. i. ® Ins. Surinam. t, liti. 
