STATES OF INSECTS. (dmago.) 337 
Leay’s Scarabeide in his cabinet, must have noticed : 
namely, that in all, except Copris and Onthophagus, the 
anterior tarsi are usually broken off. Out of seven- 
teen individuals of Scarabeus in my own, not a single 
one has a relic of an anterior tarsus; and scarcely one 
in a much greater number of Phanei. ‘The tarsus 
in question in the nobler sex in Crabro, at least in C. 
cribrarius and its affinities, is also very short, especially 
the three intermediate joints; but at the same time very 
broad and flat. In the species just named, the external 
claw forms a kind of hook; and in the rest it is conside- 
rably longer than the other*. The claws, indeed, oc- 
casionally vary in the sexes in other Hymenoptera : thus 
in Melecta, a kind of bee, in the female they are intire, 
but in the male they are furnished with an internal sub- 
membranaceous tooth or process’. In Celioxys conica 
and others, those of the latter sex are bifid at the apex, 
but those of the former acute*. In Megachile, the male 
claw is as in the instance just mentioned, while the fe- 
male has a lateral tooth‘; and a similar character dis- 
tinguishes the sexes in the hive-bee*. 
3. The abdomen. This part affords many external 
sexual characters, whether we consider its general shape; 
the number of segments that compose it; its base, mid- 
dle, or extremity. 
PI 
De Geer ii. ¢. xxviii. f. 2. 
® Mon. Ap. Angl. i. t. v. Apis **.a. f.10. 5.11. ¢. 
* Ibid, t. vii. Apis **. c. 1. #. 17. 2.18. 2. 
4 Ibid. t. viii. f. 30. g. 31. 2. 
* Ibid. t. xi. Apis **, e. 1. mas. f. 9. t. xii. Apis **. e. 1. fem. f. 9, 
and neut. f. 22, 
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