EXTERNAL ANATOMY OF INSECTS. 373 
B. Memprana (the Membrane). The membranous part 
of the same?. 
AL# Superiores vel Primari# (the Upper or Pri- 
mary Wings). ‘The upper or anterior organs of 
flight when formed of membrane, or of the same 
substance with the under-wings®. They include 
the Axes, Aree, Areole, Neura, Stigma, Parastigma, 
and Lobuli. 
. Axes (the Aves). Several osseous or horny pieces, 
by which the wing is connected with the Dorsolum °. 
One usually to each area. 
Arex (the Areas). The larger longitudinal spaces 
into which the wing may be divided4. They in- 
clude the Area Costalis, Intermedia, and Analis. 
AREA Cosratis (the Costal Area). 'That part of the 
wing lying between the anterior margin and the 
postcostal nervure*. In Hymenoptera and Di- 
ptera it includes all the space bounded by the ner- 
vures that spring from the postcostal. 
Area IntTERMEDIA (the Intermediate Area). That 
part of the wing lying between the costal area and 
the interno-medial nervure, in Diéptera; or the 
Anal in Orthoptera, Hemiptera, Hymenoptera, &c. 
Area AnaLis (the Anal Area). All that part of the 
wing which in Dzptera lies between the interno- 
@ Pirate X. Fic. 3. g’”. 
> Ibid. Fic. 5—9, 11—15. and XXVIII. Fic. 18. 
cipide 2 
4 N.B. In the Plate the Costal Area is red, the Intermediate white, 
and the Anal yellow. When the Hemelytra are considered as divided 
into Areas, the Membrana might be denominated the Apical Area. 
* Prana hice 2a) Bt f Ibid. c’. 
