228 PHYSIOGRAPHY AXD GEOLOGY OF THE COASTAL PLAIX PROVINCE. 



river, and both are overlain b}' the sand referred to above. This same clay 

 is seen inland from the river, behind the mill at Occupacia post-office; it 

 also underlies the diatomaceous earth at Wilmont, and is seen at several 

 other points along the river bank. 



It is exceedingly sandy, as can be told by the feel, and seen from the 

 analysis (silica, 85.72 per cent.). Its shrinkage is very low and it burns to 

 a very porous bod}^, so that it would seem undesirable to use it for even 

 common brick. 



Overlying this at Occupacia post-office is a whitish sandy clay (Xo. 

 1367) of table opposite page 225, which, although qiiite different in 

 appearance from the green clay, resembles it closely in both physical and 

 chemical properties. One might suppose, judging from its color, that it was 

 a fire clay or at least semi-refractory in its character, but it is not. 



The Milford Area. 



Along the road from Milford to Bowling Green, and about three- 

 quarters of a mile from the former locality, there is a promising deposit of 

 yellowish brown Pleistocene clay, 10 to 12 feet thick. The bed is underlain 

 by sand, but has very little overburden. Its characters are given in the 

 table opposite page 225 (Xo. 1353). 



This is a red-burning, surface clay, which becomes steel-hard at 03, but 

 is too gritty to use for any purpose except common-brick manufacture. It 

 would probably work on a dry-press machine. 



The Richmond Area. 



- Eichmond, next to Alexandria, is the most important clay-working 

 center in the Coastal Plain region, there being a number of yards engaged 

 in the manufacture of common and in some cases pressed brick. Most of 

 these are located on the edge of Eichmond and in the suburbs of Manchester 

 and Fulton, while a few are located near the reservoir and race track. 



The output of these is not sufficient to supply the demand, and some 

 outlying towns are also drawn upon. The better grades of pressed brick in 

 Eichmond are not made in the Coastal Plain area. Some are obtained 

 from Clayville, Powhatan County, Virginia, but most of them come from 

 points outside of the State. 



There are four yards in operation in Manchester, all of them being 

 located in the vicinity of Knight and Maury streets. All of these are 

 engaged in the manufacture of soft-mud brick and a few of them also 



