﻿ACADEMY 
  OF 
  SCIENCES. 
  375 
  

  

  They 
  set 
  them 
  afire, 
  making 
  a 
  dense 
  smudge, 
  and 
  then 
  the 
  patient, 
  wrapped 
  in 
  

   a 
  blanket, 
  squats 
  over 
  it 
  or 
  stands 
  on 
  all-fours 
  over 
  it, 
  and 
  works 
  and 
  shuffles 
  

   his 
  blanket, 
  so 
  as 
  to 
  make 
  the 
  smoke 
  circulate 
  all 
  through 
  it, 
  and 
  come 
  in 
  con 
  

   tact 
  with 
  every 
  portion 
  of 
  his 
  body. 
  When 
  an 
  Indian 
  has 
  an 
  arrow-wound, 
  or 
  

   wouDd 
  or 
  sore 
  of 
  any 
  kind, 
  he 
  smears 
  it 
  with 
  the 
  pitch 
  of 
  this 
  tree, 
  and 
  renews 
  

   it 
  when 
  it 
  wears 
  ofiF. 
  lu 
  the 
  spring, 
  if 
  food 
  is 
  scarce, 
  they 
  eat 
  the 
  buds 
  on 
  the 
  

   ends 
  of 
  the 
  limbs, 
  the 
  inner 
  bark, 
  and 
  the 
  core 
  of 
  the 
  cone, 
  {taeh) 
  which 
  is 
  some- 
  

   thing 
  like 
  a 
  cabbage-stalk 
  when 
  green. 
  The 
  cone-core 
  and 
  bunch-grass 
  are 
  

   boiled 
  together 
  for 
  a 
  hair-dye. 
  They 
  are 
  as 
  proud 
  of 
  their 
  black 
  hair 
  as 
  the 
  

   Chinese 
  ; 
  and 
  when 
  an 
  old 
  chief 
  who 
  is 
  somewhat 
  vain 
  of 
  his 
  personal 
  appear- 
  

   ance, 
  or 
  one 
  of 
  the 
  dandies 
  of 
  the 
  tribe, 
  finds 
  his 
  hair 
  growing 
  gray, 
  he 
  has 
  bis 
  

   squaw 
  boil 
  up 
  a 
  decoction 
  of 
  this 
  kind, 
  and 
  he 
  sops 
  his 
  bleaching 
  locks 
  in 
  it. 
  

   The 
  tar 
  shindac, 
  which 
  is 
  worn 
  by 
  widows 
  in 
  mourning, 
  is 
  made 
  of 
  hot 
  pitch 
  

   and 
  burned 
  acorns, 
  powdered 
  ; 
  it 
  is 
  removed 
  by 
  means 
  of 
  soap-root 
  and 
  hot 
  

   water. 
  

  

  (In 
  adding 
  the 
  word 
  for 
  " 
  tree," 
  or 
  " 
  bush," 
  they 
  generally 
  suffix 
  the 
  syllable 
  

   em, 
  thus 
  : 
  toan, 
  toanem 
  cha 
  ; 
  paddit,padditem 
  doo.) 
  

  

  Chippa 
  is 
  the 
  willow, 
  the 
  long 
  twigs 
  of 
  which 
  are 
  used 
  both 
  for 
  arrows 
  and 
  

   basket-making. 
  In 
  making 
  an 
  arrrow, 
  the 
  hunter 
  employs 
  a 
  rude 
  kind 
  of 
  turn- 
  

   ing-lathe, 
  a 
  couple 
  of 
  sticks 
  held 
  in 
  the 
  hand, 
  between 
  which 
  the 
  twig 
  intended 
  

   for 
  the 
  arrow 
  is 
  tightly 
  clamped 
  and 
  twisted 
  around, 
  which 
  rubs 
  off 
  the 
  bark 
  and 
  

   the 
  alburnum, 
  and 
  makes 
  it 
  round. 
  The 
  long, 
  straight 
  shoots 
  of 
  the 
  buckeye, 
  

   poaloh, 
  poalem 
  doo, 
  are 
  used 
  for 
  the 
  same 
  purpose. 
  For 
  the 
  woof 
  in 
  basket- 
  

   making 
  they 
  employ 
  the 
  wood 
  of 
  tberedbud, 
  {Cerxis 
  Occident 
  alts 
  — 
  paddit) 
  which 
  

   is 
  split 
  up 
  with 
  flints 
  or 
  the 
  finger-nails 
  into 
  fine 
  strings, 
  used 
  substantially 
  as 
  

   thread. 
  The 
  willow 
  twig 
  is 
  passed 
  round 
  and 
  round 
  the 
  basket, 
  the 
  butt 
  of 
  one 
  

   lapping 
  the 
  twig 
  of 
  the 
  other, 
  while 
  the 
  redbud 
  strings 
  are 
  sewn 
  over 
  the 
  upper 
  

   and 
  under 
  the 
  lower. 
  

  

  Cotoh 
  is 
  the 
  manzanita. 
  Its 
  berries 
  are 
  a 
  favorite 
  article 
  of 
  food, 
  and 
  are 
  

   eaten 
  raw, 
  or 
  pounded 
  into 
  flour 
  in 
  a 
  basket, 
  the 
  seeds 
  separated 
  out, 
  and 
  the 
  

   flour 
  made 
  into 
  mush, 
  or 
  sacked 
  and 
  laid 
  away 
  for 
  winter. 
  They 
  also 
  make 
  

   quite 
  an 
  agreeable 
  article 
  of 
  cider 
  from 
  them, 
  by 
  soaking 
  the 
  flour 
  in 
  water 
  sev- 
  

   eral 
  hours, 
  and 
  then 
  draining 
  it 
  off. 
  

  

  Alder 
  is 
  shootoom 
  ; 
  poison 
  oak 
  is 
  chcetoc. 
  They 
  are 
  less 
  easily 
  poisoned 
  by 
  

   the 
  latter 
  than 
  Americans 
  ; 
  their 
  children 
  handle 
  it 
  a 
  great 
  deal 
  while 
  little. 
  

   They 
  eat 
  the 
  leaves, 
  both 
  as 
  a 
  preventive, 
  and 
  as 
  a 
  cure 
  for 
  its 
  effects 
  ; 
  though 
  

   it 
  sometimes 
  poisons 
  them 
  internally, 
  The 
  women 
  use 
  the 
  leaves 
  freely 
  in 
  cook- 
  

   ing 
  ; 
  they 
  lay 
  them 
  over 
  a 
  pile 
  of 
  roots 
  or 
  a 
  batch 
  of 
  acorn 
  bread, 
  then 
  lay 
  on 
  

   hot 
  stones 
  and 
  earth. 
  The 
  bright 
  red 
  berries 
  of 
  the 
  California 
  holly 
  [Pliotinea 
  

   arhulifolia 
  — 
  yoalus) 
  are 
  eaten 
  with 
  relish 
  ; 
  also, 
  the 
  berries 
  of 
  the 
  elder, 
  nock, 
  

   and 
  wild 
  grapes 
  — 
  peemen. 
  They 
  call 
  a 
  grapevine 
  a 
  bush 
  — 
  Peemenem 
  doo. 
  

  

  Soap-root, 
  howh, 
  is 
  used 
  for 
  poisoning 
  fish. 
  They 
  pound 
  up 
  the 
  root 
  fine, 
  and 
  

   mix 
  it 
  into 
  pools 
  where 
  the 
  fish 
  and 
  minnows 
  have 
  no 
  way 
  of 
  escape, 
  and 
  at 
  the 
  

   same 
  time 
  stir 
  up 
  the 
  bottom 
  until 
  the 
  water 
  becomes 
  muddy. 
  The 
  minnows 
  

   thrust 
  their 
  heads 
  out 
  of 
  the 
  water 
  stupefied, 
  and 
  are 
  easily 
  scooped 
  up. 
  Buck- 
  

  

  