﻿ACADEMY 
  OF 
  SCIENCES. 
  393 
  

  

  never 
  has 
  been 
  in 
  the 
  historical 
  period 
  when 
  the 
  Chinese 
  were 
  without 
  tliese. 
  It 
  

   is 
  argued 
  that 
  no 
  people 
  could 
  lose 
  the 
  art 
  of 
  pottery, 
  or 
  even 
  if 
  they 
  lost 
  the 
  

   art 
  itself, 
  that 
  the 
  pottery 
  would 
  remain, 
  being 
  almost 
  indestructible. 
  It 
  is 
  not 
  

   intended 
  to 
  rehearse 
  in 
  this 
  paper 
  the 
  argument? 
  there 
  presented 
  in 
  favor 
  of 
  a 
  

   Chinese 
  origin, 
  but 
  merely 
  to 
  offer 
  some 
  facts 
  and 
  suggestions 
  as 
  to 
  these 
  Indians 
  

   and 
  their 
  predecessors 
  on 
  this 
  coast. 
  

  

  The 
  Voy 
  Collection, 
  in 
  the 
  University 
  Museum, 
  contains 
  a 
  large 
  number 
  of 
  

   pre-aboriginal 
  stone 
  implements 
  ; 
  but 
  there 
  is 
  no 
  link 
  to 
  connect 
  the 
  race 
  who 
  

   made 
  them 
  with 
  the 
  present 
  one 
  except 
  j)er 
  deterins. 
  In 
  fact, 
  since 
  the 
  Califor- 
  

   nia 
  Indians 
  of 
  to-day 
  have 
  no 
  monuments 
  or 
  pottery, 
  there 
  is 
  no 
  link 
  except 
  

   those 
  of 
  language, 
  customs, 
  etc., 
  to 
  connect 
  them 
  with 
  a7iy 
  race 
  ; 
  hence 
  the 
  con- 
  

   sideration 
  of 
  monuments 
  and 
  the 
  like 
  is 
  pretty 
  much 
  eliminated 
  from 
  the 
  discus- 
  

   sion, 
  as 
  between 
  them 
  and 
  the 
  Chinese. 
  Even 
  if 
  the 
  very 
  few 
  remains 
  found 
  

   to-day 
  served 
  to 
  prove 
  that 
  a 
  pre-aboriginal 
  race 
  brought 
  the 
  ceramic 
  art 
  from 
  

   China 
  and 
  practiced 
  it 
  here, 
  it 
  would 
  still 
  remain 
  to 
  show 
  that 
  that 
  people 
  were 
  

   the 
  ancestors 
  of 
  the 
  California 
  Indians. 
  There 
  is 
  a 
  gap 
  somewhere, 
  which 
  can- 
  

   not 
  be 
  passed 
  except 
  per 
  solium. 
  

  

  The 
  simple 
  fact 
  of 
  the 
  almost 
  total 
  lack 
  of 
  ceramic 
  remains, 
  and 
  the 
  charac- 
  

   ter 
  of 
  the 
  relics 
  found 
  in 
  the 
  Alameda 
  and 
  other 
  shell 
  mounds, 
  show 
  that 
  the 
  

   present 
  race 
  must 
  either 
  have 
  supplanted 
  or 
  descended 
  from 
  one 
  which 
  was 
  

   little 
  more 
  advanced 
  than 
  themselves. 
  The 
  few 
  and 
  simple 
  stone 
  implements 
  

   used 
  by 
  the 
  California 
  Indians 
  resemble, 
  in 
  their 
  main 
  purpose 
  and 
  design, 
  those 
  

   of 
  the 
  extinct 
  races 
  exhumed 
  in 
  the 
  shell-mounds, 
  only 
  they 
  are 
  conspicuously 
  

   ruder 
  and 
  simpler. 
  Take 
  the 
  stone 
  mortars, 
  for 
  instance. 
  The 
  pre-aboriginal 
  

   mortar 
  is 
  carefully 
  dressed 
  on 
  the 
  outside, 
  and 
  has 
  three 
  general 
  shapes 
  : 
  either 
  

   flattish 
  and 
  round, 
  or 
  shaped 
  like 
  a 
  duck's 
  egg, 
  with 
  the 
  bowl 
  on 
  the 
  side, 
  or 
  

   with 
  the 
  bowl 
  in 
  the 
  large 
  er.d, 
  and 
  the 
  small 
  end 
  inserted 
  into 
  the 
  ground. 
  But 
  

   the 
  Indian 
  takes 
  a 
  small 
  bowlder 
  of 
  trap 
  or 
  greenstone, 
  and 
  beats 
  out 
  a 
  hollow 
  

   in 
  it, 
  leaving 
  the 
  outside 
  rough. 
  Whenever 
  one 
  is 
  seen 
  in 
  possession 
  of 
  a 
  mor- 
  

   tar 
  dressed 
  on 
  the 
  outside, 
  he 
  will 
  acknowledge 
  that 
  he 
  did 
  not 
  make 
  it, 
  but 
  

   found 
  it 
  ; 
  in 
  other 
  words, 
  it 
  is 
  pre-aboriginal. 
  The 
  pre-aborigines 
  used 
  hand- 
  

   somely 
  dressed 
  pestles, 
  evenly 
  tapered 
  to 
  the 
  upper 
  end, 
  or 
  else 
  a 
  uniform 
  cyl- 
  

   inder 
  for 
  about 
  three-fourths 
  of 
  the 
  length, 
  with 
  the 
  remaining 
  fourth 
  also 
  

   uniform, 
  but 
  smaller, 
  for 
  a 
  hand-hold 
  ; 
  but 
  the 
  squaw 
  nowadays 
  picks 
  up 
  a 
  

   long, 
  slender 
  cobble, 
  from 
  the 
  brook. 
  The 
  pre-aborigines 
  fought 
  with 
  heavy 
  

   knives, 
  or 
  swords, 
  carved 
  out 
  of 
  jasper 
  or 
  obsidian, 
  which 
  were, 
  probably, 
  used 
  

   as 
  daggers 
  rather 
  than 
  as 
  swords 
  ; 
  that 
  is, 
  the 
  combatants 
  sought 
  to 
  pierce 
  

   each 
  other 
  with 
  the 
  point, 
  instead 
  of 
  dealing 
  blows 
  with 
  the 
  edge. 
  The 
  In- 
  

   dians 
  of 
  to-day 
  fight 
  with 
  rough 
  stones, 
  such 
  as 
  they 
  pick 
  up, 
  choosing 
  those 
  

   which 
  are 
  long 
  and 
  sharp-pointed 
  ; 
  and 
  their 
  constant 
  aim 
  is 
  to 
  strike 
  each 
  other 
  

   in 
  the 
  face 
  with 
  the 
  points, 
  just 
  as 
  their 
  predecessors 
  or 
  ancestors 
  probably 
  did 
  

   with 
  their 
  carved 
  knives. 
  The 
  pre-aborigines 
  made, 
  out 
  of 
  sandstone 
  or 
  other 
  

   soft 
  stones, 
  a 
  small 
  and 
  almost 
  perfect 
  sphere, 
  as 
  an 
  acorn-sheller 
  ; 
  but 
  the 
  squaw 
  

   nowadays 
  simply 
  selects 
  a 
  smooth 
  cobble 
  from 
  the 
  brook 
  for 
  this 
  purpose. 
  In 
  

   the 
  collection 
  of 
  A. 
  W. 
  Chase, 
  Esq., 
  of 
  the 
  U. 
  S. 
  Coast 
  Survey, 
  there 
  are 
  spin- 
  

  

  