26 



ACALErnS IN GENERAL. 



Part I. 



The harvest to be gathered i'or the history oi' Aealephs from the woi'ks of 

 anatomists of preeeding periods would l)e so mea^-re that I have not even alhided 

 to them thus far; though, with referenee to some partieuhir points of their strueture. 

 and espeeiallv thcjse l)earing upon their reproduetiou, it will be necessary hereafter 

 to return to a consideration of the methods applied in their investigations by the 

 great anatomists and physiologists of the eighteenth century, in order to trace the 

 connecti(ni Ijetween the progress of our knowledge of the lower animals and the 

 general progress of Zoology as a science. "We owe to (Ju\ier the first anatomical 

 description of a Medusa;^ and next to this paper, those ol' Tilesius," Eysenhardt/ 

 Giide/ Baer,^ and Delle Chiaje," deserve a special notice. Esclischoltz," in his clas- 

 sical treatise on Aealephs, gives the first sunnnary of the anatomy of these animals, 

 and this is soon followed by Mertens's^ investigations of the Beroids ; Brandt's^ 

 descriptions of the Medusa^ of Mertens, with numerous anatomical details; and the 

 more special illustrations of Ehrenberg^" on the organizatiou of the Medus;v of the 

 German Ocean; Milne-Edwards's " masterly observations on Aarious Aealephs; Grant'- 

 on Beroe ; K. Wagner'^ on the structure of Pelagia; Costa," Ilollard,'^ and Krohn^'"' 



^ C'uviER (G.), Siir Forganisation de quL'l(iii(.'.-! 

 Mediises, Bull. 800. riuloiu. j). 0'.), Paris, 1800. 



- TiLESius (W. G.), l]citriig:(' zur Natiir- 

 g(>si-liielit<> iler Meduseii, N. Act. Nat. Ciir. XV. 

 2, p. 2-17, fig., contains magnificent figures. 



^ Eysenuarut (C W.), Zur Anatomic und 

 Naturgc.-chicUte dcr Qnallcn, N. Act. Nat. Cur. X. 

 p. 37."), fig., contains a very elaborate anatomy of 

 the Rliizostoma Cuvieri. 



* Gade (IIenr. M.), lleitriige zur Anatomic 

 und riiysinlogie dcr Mcduscn, Bcrl. 1810, 8vo. 



^ Baei; (Pkof. K. E. v.), Ucbcr Medusa aurita. 

 Meckel's Arch. A'lII. p. 3G9. 



" Delle Cuiaje (St.), Memoric sulla Storia e 

 Notomia degli Animali senza vertebre del Regno 

 di Napoli, Nap. 1 82.5-1 8:>(>, 4 vols. Ito. fig. — 

 Descrizione et Notomia degli Animali invcrtebrati 

 deUa Sieilla citeriorc, etc.. Nap. 1S41-18-11, vols. 

 4to. ; 2 vols. fig. 



" See note 1, p. 24. 

 ^ See note .'), p. 24. 

 " See note 4, p. 24. 



1" EnRENBER(; (C. G.), Die Akalepheii des 

 rothen Meeres und dcr Organisnuis der Medusen 

 dcr Ostsee, Ak. Wiss. Berlin, I80O, 4to. fig. 



" 5In>NE-ED\VAi;iis (II.), Observations sur la 

 structure de la Mc'duse marsujiiale ou C'harybdce 

 marsnpiale de I'c'ron et LeSueui', Ann. Sc. Nat. 

 1833, vol. 28, !>. 248, fig. — Observations sur la 

 structure et les f'onctions de ipiehpies Zoophytes, 

 Mollusques et C'rustaces des Cotes de France, Ann. 

 Sc. Nat. 2de ser. ISU, vol. 10, p. 193, fig. — Ann. 

 Sc. Nat. 3e ser. ls.'(7, vol. 7, ]). 285. — Recherclics 

 Anatomiqucs et Zoologiques t'aites jii.'ndant un voy- 

 age sur les cotes de la Sieiie, Paris, 1844, 4ti). fig. 

 vol. 1, p. 57. The last paper gives full descriptions 

 of the gastrovascular system. 



1- Grant (R. E.), On the Nervous System of 

 Beroe Pileus, Trans. Zool. Soc. I. p. 0, fig. 



^' Wagner (R.), Uebor den Ban der Pelagia 

 noctiluca und die Organisation der Medusen, Leip- 

 zig, istl, fol. tig.; also in Icones Zootomica-, etc., 

 Leipzig, 1S41, fol. 



" Costa (O. G.), Note sur I'appareil vasculaire 

 de la Yehdle, Ami. Sc. Nat. 2de ser. 1841. vol. 

 IG, p. 187, fig. 



■'= Hollard (II.), Rcchei'ches sur I'organisation 

 des Yelelles, Ann. Sc. Nat. 3e ser. 184."), vol. III. 



^'' Krdiin (A.), Urber die Anwcscnheit cigcn- 

 thiimlichcr Luftkaniile bci 'N^della und Porpita, Arch. 

 Naturg. 1848, vol. 1, p. 30. 



