24G CTENOPIIOR.E. Part II. 



cilia. But in some Ctoiiopliora\ such as the true Boroids, this ridge is fringed ; 

 and the uiaiked Duthue i)t' the area in our Pknu-obrachia is a rudimentary develop- 

 ment of such fringes. 



The narrow bands, alluded to in my first paper as tubes converging toward 

 the centre oi' the circumscribed area, can be traced from the abactinal extremity 

 of the ^■ertical rows of locomotive flappers to the ver}" base of the black speck 

 in the centre of the abactinal pole of the body. These bands are not tubes, but 

 a double or triple row of coarse, immovable cilia, or. more properly speaking, short, 

 acute ridges, which trend in one direction in the same band. They are direct 

 prolongations of the rows of locomotive flappers, tapering gradually toward the 

 abactinal pole of the anliual. and so reduced in their diameter as to appear like 

 very slender threads converging from the abactinal termination of the locomotive 

 flappers to the centre of the abactinal surface of the annual. They terminate under 

 the eye capsule [Fi(/. 14 and 10 iV), and at the very base of the pyriform eye 

 ((V). These bands are eight in number, like the ambulacral rows of which they 

 are the continuation, and they converge two and two, being more closely brought 

 together in pairs toward the eye-speck. In their respective position they differ 

 somewhat : four of them, rising from the four lateral ambulacra, preserve a rather 

 straight course from the sunmiit of the rows of flappers to the centre of the area ; 

 the four others, the anterior and posterior ones, however, bend toward the elongated 

 part of the area and follow obliquely the course of its margin, thus contrasting 

 yn some degree with the lateral ones. 



I am somewhat at a loss to account for the precise connection between all the 

 parts which may be seen around the central black speck (PI. IP. Fir/.^. 14 and 10) 

 and in the fork of the funnel. Even the nature of the central organ is in a 

 measure problematical. In its appearance it resembles the marginal colored specks 

 observed in Discoid Medusiv, and ou that account has been viewed by some as 

 an e\e-speck ; while by those who consider the so-called e^-e-specks of Medusa^ as 

 rudimciuaiy atiditory organs, it has been regarded as a rudimentary ear. But, 

 notwithstanding the difference of opinion respecting its fimctions, all naturalists 

 who have examined Ctenophora^ have thus far identified the black speck, which 

 occurs in a central position upon the abactinal pole of these animals, with similar 

 specks occtu-ring aboiu the periphery of Discoid Medusa\ The opinion I formerly 

 entertained of the nature of this organ has been disproved by embryological 

 researches. Since 1 have become aci|uainted with the development of the Cte- 

 nopliora\ I am myself satisfied that it cannot be considered as the remnant of 

 a point of attachment to a Ilydroid stock ; for the Ctenophora? imdergo a dhect 

 metamorphosis. Nor do I now doubt its identity with the marginal specks of the 

 hiiiher Discophora^ ; and 1 have already stated, that I am inclined to regard it as 



