Chap. III. GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION. 301 



dian fauna hy Bollna alata, Plcurobrachia rhododactyla, and Idyia roseola ; and the 

 Columbian fauna ])y Bolina .septentrionalis, Plcurobrachia Bachei, Janira Cucumis, and 

 Idyia cyathina. 



The Celtic ftxuna with its Pleurobrachia Pilcus, and the Lusitanic fainia with 

 its rich array of Chiajas, its Euranipha\a, its LeSueuria, its Cestum, its Gegenbauria, 

 its Owenia, its Pleurobrachia, its Ilormiphora, and its Beroe Porskitli, are barely 

 represented, in the Carolinian fauna, by its Mnemiopsis and Idyopsis. The Cha- 

 ryba?an fauna thus far only nuniliers four species, Bolina vitrca, Ocyroe maculata, 

 Idyia ovata, and Idyopsis affinis ; while the Brazilian fauna has two, Mnemia or 

 Alcinoe, and Idyia gilva and the Azorian fauna three, Leucothea formosa, Cestum 

 Mertensii, and Beroe punctata. Oi!" the coast of Africa, further south, the following 

 species have been noticed : Calymma Mertensii, Ocyroe crystallina and fusca, Rangia 

 dentata, and Janira elongata. The South African and the Patagonian faunte are 

 scarcely known. Off the Cape of Good Hope, Hapalia lieteroptcra, Beroe Mertensii, 

 and Idyia capensis have been noticed, and Alcinoe rosea off the Falkland Islands. 



In the Indian Ocean we may already distinguish the fauna of Madagascar, and 

 in the Pacific that of the low Islands, as distinct from that of Western Australia 

 and of the Sunda Islands. Off Madagascar, Callianira triploptera is mentioned. About 

 Australia, Sophia diploptera, Eschscholtzia dimidiata, and Neis cordata have been 

 found ; about Timor and New Guinea, Lemniscus marginatus and Pleurobrachia rosea ; 

 off Ceylon, Eucharina costata and Bucephalon Reynaudi. On the coast of Japan, 

 Eucharis Tiedemanni, Janira Cucumis, and Pandora Flemingii seem to indicate a 

 special tauna ; on the coast of Chili and Peru, Martensia octoptera, Pleurobrachia 

 Basteri, and Beroe mitrajformis point to another ; while Bolinopsis elegans, Mnemia 

 Kuhlii, Calymma Trevirani, Axiotima Gasdei, Cestum Najadis and C. Aniphitrites and 

 Idyia niacrostoma have been indicated, without special localities, as found in the 

 Pacific, though it is not to be taken for granted, on that account, that these species 

 have necessarily a wide range of distribution. But how much remains to be done 

 here before the boundaries of most of these fliunaj can be defined, may easily be 

 inferred from the fact, that a dozen species only are known from the whole expanse 

 of the Pacific, exclusive of the coasts of Asia and America. 



