i8 



sandstone reef of Pernambuco, and the coral reefs of 

 Candeias. Maria Farinha and Parahyba do Norte, from 

 which were obtained large collections of corals and other 

 marine animals, and Snr. Ferrez was very successful in 

 taking photographs of all the interesting places and ob- 

 jects. At the close of the above series of explorations, a 

 large part of the specimens and photographs, illustrating 

 the results of the work, were prepared for the National 

 Exposition at Rio in December, 1875, at which Prof. 

 Hartt had the honor of lecturing in the presence of the 

 Emperor. A series of these photographs were also 

 exhibited in the Brazilian Department of the Philadelphia 

 Centennial Exposition. 



In the beginning of 1876, while one party was explor- 

 ing the province of Sergipe, another was examining the 

 geology and reefs of the bay of Bahia and vicinity. From 

 the Cretaceous formation along the line of the Bahia 

 Railroad were obtained a great abundance of fossil 

 remains, among which were the genera Lepidotus and 

 Pisodus of fishes, and Crocodilus and Dinosaurus, of 

 reptiles. The diamond gravels of Camassari and Pojuca, 

 near Bahia, were found to consist in large part of a rock 

 resembling itacolumite, which, though not observed in 

 situ, probably exists somewhere in the neighborhood. 

 The large and, until that time, unexplored island in the 

 bay of Bahia, called Itaparica, was examined and proved 

 to be composed entirely of fossiliferous Cretaceous rocks, 

 similar to those on the east side of the bay. On the Rio 

 Itapicurii, in northern Bahia, the Post-Tertiaiy deposits 

 yielded bones and teeth of the Megatherium, Mastodon, 

 a very large species of Capavara (Hydrochoerus), etc. 

 In Sergipe, the geology of all the region between the 

 sea coast and the Serra of Itabyana was investigated. 

 This proved to be an interesting section of country, as its 

 structure is quite varied. The Serra of Itabyana, which 

 can be seen from the coast, consists of beds of sandstone, 

 conglomerate, and limestone, dipping strongly toward 

 the east, and probably of Palaeozoic age, though yielding 

 no fossils. Between the serra and the sea is the most 



