Game Animals of India, etc. 



of this race will consequently be Felis pardus panthera. 

 It should be added, however, that in 1856 the French 

 naturalist Valenciennes gave the name of Felis tulliana 

 to the Persian leopard (ignoring the priority of the 

 name panthera) ; and in consequence of this the race 

 is frequently known as F. pardus tulliana. If it were 

 possible to distinguish the Caucasian from the Persian 

 leopard (which does not seem to be the case), the name 

 F. pardus panthera would stand for the former and 

 F. pardus tulliana for the latter. 



The geographical range of the Persian leopard (plate 

 viii, fig. 4) appears to extend from the Caucasus and 

 Anatolia through Persia and Baluchistan to the hills of 

 Sind. This race may be distinguished from the Indian 

 leopard by its longer fur, thicker tail, and certain details 

 of colouring ; being in these respects in some degree 

 intermediate between the latter and the snow-leopard. 

 A skin of this race from the Caucasus was described 

 by myself in the Zoological Society's Proceedings for 

 1899 ; the description being accompanied by a coloured 

 plate. From the small size of this plate the animal 

 cioes not appear very markedly different from an 

 ordinary Indian leopard, but when skins of the two are 

 laid side by side, the distinction is apparent. Com- 

 pared with an Indian leopard's skin the Caucasus 

 specimen is distinguishable by the irregular formation 

 and small size of the rosettes, in which the centres are 

 not appreciably darker than the general ground-colour, 

 as they are in the larger form of the Indian race. From 

 the head to the shoulders the spots are solid, somewhat 

 like those of the African leopard. The fur, which is 

 relatively long all over the body, becomes still more 

 markedly so on the under surface, where it is white, 

 with large solid elongated spots, widely separated from 

 one another. In this respect the specimen is decidedly 

 nearer to the Indian than to the African race, in the 

 latter of which the spots on the under surface are 

 generally so large as to leave only a network of light 



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