Game Animals of India, etc. 



of the long thick fur of the upper-parts and outer sur- 

 faces of the limbs is some shade of yellowish or reddish 

 grey, frequently more or less mingled with black, 

 wholly black individuals being by no means uncommon, 

 and the tail being not unfrequently black-tipped. The 

 under-parts and inner surfaces of the limbs are whitish. 

 A soft woolly under-fur, of which the general colour is 

 slaty or light brown, is developed at the base of the 

 longer hairs. 



Within the area treated of in the present volume 

 the ordinary or typical race of the wolf is probably met 

 with in the northern part of the Punjab, and certainly in 

 the west of Sind and in Baluchistan, whence it ranges 

 into Persia and doubtless also into Afghanistan. Prob- 

 ably it likewise extends into the valley of Kashmir, 

 although it is replaced on the Ladak side of the range 

 forming the northern barrier of that valley by the 

 Tibetan race. Information is required as to the wolf 

 of the Gilgit neighbourhood ; but it will probably be 

 found that somewhere in this district there exists a 

 transition between the typical and the Tibetan races of 

 the species. 



To withstand the intense winter cold of the bleak 

 altitudes at which it dwells, and at the same time to 

 harmonise with its physical surroundings, the wolf of 

 Ladak and Tibet (Canis lupus laniger) has developed a 

 woolly character in its fur, and has also become paler 

 than ordinary examples of the European race. So 

 pale, indeed, is the colour of the fur that, as shown 

 by a specimen from Ladak in the British Museum, it 

 may be best described as whitish grey. As in the case 

 of the ordinary wolf, individuals are, however, occa- 

 sionally seen in which the entire coat is black, more or 

 less grizzled with grey in the region of the snout. 



According to Ladaki reports, black individuals of the 

 Tibetan wolf, known to the natives as chanco nagpo^ 

 and apparently by no means uncommon, are bolder and 

 more aggressive than ordinary pale-coloured specimens ; 



356 



