ACADEMY OF SCIENCES. 55 
junk which bears the annual tribute money from Liu-Kiu to Japan. Man- 
jiro afterwards translated Bowditch’s Navigator into Japanese, and visited 
San Francisco as sailing-master of the Japanese steam corvette Kanrin-maru, 
which arrived there March 17th, 1860. 
20. In 1845, the United States Frigate St. Louis took from Mexico to Ning- 
po, in China, three shipwreck Japanese, being survivors of the crew of a junk 
which had drifted from the coast of Japan, entirely across the Pacific Ocean, 
and finally stranded on the coast of Mexico, where they remained two years. 
The Chinese authorities were willing to receive these men and return them to 
their native country by their annual junk, which sails from Cheefoo to Naga- 
saki; but the Japanese objected to their landing, owing to the law of 1637. 
In 1845, the Japanese authorities informed Sir Edward Belcher, command- 
ing H.B.S. Samarang, that they would not receive returned Japanese from 
abroad, but ‘‘ had sent a junk-full back to the Emperor of China,’’ to whose 
country they had gone to obtain return passages by the annual junk permitted 
from Cheefoo to Nagasaki. The above leads to the inference that the 
Samarang may have had shipwrecked Japanese seamen on board. 
21. In 1845, April lst, Captain Mercator Cooper, of Sag Harbor, when in 
the American whale ship Manhattan, rescued eleven shipwrecked Japanese 
mariners from St. Peters, a small island lying a few degrees southeast of Nip- 
hon, and took them to Yedo Bay, where they were received under exception. 
Captain Cooper is also reported to have fallen in with a sinking junk, from 
which he rescued as many more Japanese seamen. [See Dr. C. F. Winslow’s 
account in Friend of February 2d, 1846. ] 
22. In 1847, a French whaleship while cruising off Stapleton Island, 
sighted a fire-signal on the shore, and sent a boat to the relief of five Japanese 
sailors, who were in a helpless plight; the only survivors of a crew, whose dis- 
abled junk lay stranded on the beach of asmall bay. Later, about 1853, a 
party of officers from the U. S. steam frigate Susquehanna landed and sur- 
veyed this wreck, which they then described as ‘‘ still partly kept together by 
large nails of copper, and portions of sheets of metal. Her planks, fastened 
together at the edge, were but little rubbed or decayed.”’ 
23. In 1847, April 21st, the Bremen ship Otaheite, Captain Weitung, when 
in lat. 35° N., long. 156° E., fellin with a Japanese junk in distress, which 
had lost her rudder and had been driven off the coast of Japan in a gale No- 
vember, 1846, and had drifted five months. Took off the crew, consisting of 
nine men, also six tons of wax. She was about 80 tons burden and chiefly lad- 
en with paper belonging to Osaka, and bound north. Captain Weitung kept 
them on board four weeks, and May 19th, 1847, put them on board a junk in 
the Straits of Matsmai. [See Polynesian, October 17, 1847, and Friend, Dec- 
ember 2, 1847.] 
24. In 1848, Captain Cox of New London, Conn., picked up fifteen of 
twenty Japanese seamen from a disabled junk in lat. 40° N., long. 170° W., 
and kept them on board six months during a cruise in the Ochotsk sea, and 
finally landed them at Lahaina, where they remained six or eight months. 
25. In 1850, during the autumn, S. Sentharo, Toro and J. Heco—the lat- 
ter then aged 13 yeays—left Osaka in a junk for Yedo. After discharging 
and reloading they started to return via Woragawa. After leaving the latter 
