222 AMERICAN JOURNAL 



niensis, Lea, which is not rare there along the edge of the pine- 

 grove bordering the sea-shore. The northern specimens from S. 

 F. Bay and Klamath Co. (Voy, teste Newcomb), seems more pro- 

 perly to belong to redimita, which has often been taken for this, 

 and occurs at Monterey, though rarely. Its range will be given 

 farther on. 



Here also we find the first Helieellidce on the coast (excepting 

 Pat. Durantii), represented by Pseudoliyalina milium, Morse, 

 and Ps. conspecta, Bland, which occur in company with Pupilla 

 Valifornica, Rowell.* 



Santa Cruz, lat. 37°, is on the north side of Monterey Bay, 

 and though not so cool and moist, has a perpetual stream run- 

 ning by it, along the bottom land of which are to be found several 

 land-shells, which do not seem to extend farther south. Mac. 

 Vancouverensis, Lea, extends from here near the coast to Una- 

 laska, lat. 60°, over 1500 miles ! The forms found in this State 

 and Alaska may, however, be hereafter separated fro'm that of 

 the Columbia River, or one of them united with the eastern con- 

 cava. I also found it in Montana, near Rocky Mountains, in 

 1860. 



H. Nickliniana, Lea, or rather the form like redimita with 

 open umbilicus, as well as that with it closed, is found here, 

 the latter, however, most common. H. arrosa Gould, fine and 

 large, with varieties olivaceous, bandless, and yellow, is one of 

 the most abundant (the last variety rare), inhabiting chiefly the 

 deciduous groves with the last two. This fine species represents 

 the tudiculata in size and range along the coast, while a variety 

 with only 5J whorls, found by Mr. Gabb in Mendocino Co., lat. 

 39° (its northern limit), is very close to that species though 

 distinguishable by higher spire and sculpture, rather wrinkled 

 than hammered. It thus extends about 200 miles along the 

 coast, but not over 25 inland. H. Nickliniana, if confined to the 

 form with open umbilicus and wrinkled surface (typical), is found 

 from near lat. 37° to 39°, or about 170 miles along the coast. 

 Dr. Newcomb's var. a, " of double normal size," is probably a 

 hybrid with arrosa, and is very rare. His var. c, " without 

 band," from Klamath Co., has the umbilicus closed, not malleated, 

 lip broad, and seems distinct, perhaps a form of anachoreta, 

 W. G. B. The var. d is redimita, W. G. B., which is found from 



* P. Rowelh, Newc, discovered at Oakland, was found by Yoy, near San 

 Bernardino, lat. 34°, and in Eldorado Co., lat. 39°. Ps. conspecta has 

 not been found north of S. F., but P. milium was originally described 

 from Maine, having, like others of these minute species, an almost general 

 distribution through the United States. It has been found also in Nevada 

 Co., and at Angel I. (Rowell), at S. P., and at Santa Cruz by me. 



