vi CONTENTS 



PAGE 



CHAPTER XIX Carnivores, — conclude d. 



Eared Seals, Walruses, and Seals (Otariidce, Trichechidce, and Phocidce). — Distinctive 

 Characters of the Group — The Eared Seals (Otariidce) — Habits — Hair-Seals and Fur- 

 Seals — Southern Sea-Lion — Distribution and Habits — Northern Sea-Lion — Distribution 

 — Californian Sea-Lion — Hooker's Sea-Lion — Australian Hair-Seal — The Northern 

 Sea-Bear — Seal-Rookeries — Southern Fur-Seals — South American Fur-Seal — Cape 

 Fur-Seal — New Zealand Fur-Seal — The Walrus (Triehechus) — The True, or Earless 

 Seals (Phocidce) — Their Distinctive Features, Distribution, and Habits— The Grey Seal 

 (Halichcerus) — Common and Greenland Seals (Phoca) — Allied Species — The Monk-Seal 

 (Mohachus) — West Indian Seal — The Leopard -Seal (Ogmorhinus) — Crab-Eating Seal 

 (Lobodori) — Weddell's Seal (Leptonychotes) — Ross's Seal (Ommatophoca) — Crested Seal 

 (< 'ystophora) — Elephant-Seal (Macrorhinus) — Seal-Hunting — The Primitive Carnivores, 102 



CHAPTER XX. — The Ungulates, or Hoofed Mammals, — Order Ungulata. 



The Hollow-Horned Ruminants (Bovidce). — Characters of Ungulates— Their Feet— Odd- 

 Toed and Even-Toed Groups — Structure of Teeth — Characteristics — Size — Horns — 

 Distribution — Hollow-Horned Ruminants — Even-Toed Ungulates — Oxen (Bos) — 

 Characters, Distribution, Habits, and Specialisation — Aurochs and Domestic Oxen — 

 Domestication — Park Cattle — Chillingham Cattle — Cadzow Cattle — Chartley Cattle — 

 Other Herds— Shetland Cattle— Highland Breed— Welsh Breed— Kerry Breed— Polled 

 Angus — Galloways — Polled Suffolk — Alderneys and Jerseys — Ayrshire — Devons 

 Herefords — Longhorns— Shorthorns — Continental Breeds — Indian Cattle — American 

 and Australian Cattle — Humped Cattle — Galla Cattle — Extinct Species — The Gaur 

 —The Gayal — The Banting — The Yak — European Bison — The American Bison — 

 Extinct Bison — The Cape Buffalo — Short-Horned Buffalo — Extinct Forms — The Indian 

 Buffalo — Fossil Indian Species — The Tamarao — The Anoa — The Musk-Ox (Ovihos) — 

 Its Distribution and Habits — Sheep (Ovis) — Their Characters and Distribution — 

 American and Kamschatkan Wild Sheep — The Mongolian and Tibetan Argalis — The 

 Pamir Wild Sheep — The Urial or Sha — Armenian and Cyprian Sheep — The Mouflon 

 — Domestic Sheep — Flat-Tailed Sheep — Shetland Breed — Scotch Breeds — Welsh Sheep 

 — Irish Breeds — -Heath Breed — Cheviots — Norfolk Breed — Moor Breeds — Southdowns 

 — Dorsets — Merino and Long-Woolled Breeds — The Bharal — Barbary Sheep — The 

 Goats (Gapra) — Their Characteristics and Distribution — Caucasian Wild Goats, or Tup 

 — Pallas's Tur — Caucasian Tur — Severtzow's Tur — Spanish Wild Goat — Persian Wild 

 Goat — Domestic Goats — Angora Breed — Kashmir Goat— Syrian Goat — Egyptian Goat 

 — Sudan Goat — Feral Goats — Ibex — -Alpine Ibex — Himalayan Ibex — Arabian Ibex 

 — Abyssinian Ibex — The Markhor — The Tahr and Nilgiri Wild Goat (Hemitragus) 

 — The Gorals (Cemas) — The Serows (Nemorhcedus) — The Takin (Budorcas) — Rocky 

 Mountain Goat (Haploceros) — The Chamois (Rupicapra) — Eland (Orias) — Character 

 and Distribution of Antelopes — Size, Distribution, and Habits of Eland — Derbian 

 Eland — Kudu (Strepsiceros) — Common and Lesser Kudu — Harnessed Antelopes (Trag- 

 elaphus) — Bongo— Nyala — West African Harnessed Antelope — Nakong — Guib — The 

 Nilgai (Boselaphus) — The Addax (Addax) — Ovxx(Onj.i) — Gemsbok — Beisa — East African 

 Oryx— Beatrix Antelope — Sabre-Horned Antelope — Extinct Forms — Sable Antelope 

 and Roan Antelope (Hippotragus) — Blaubok — Baker's Antelope — Extinct Species, . 151 



Note. — This Section is the first half of the Second Volume ; the Index to the complete Volume 

 is in Section IV. 



