Vol. XI Trumbull o/i fhe Scoters. I 7 J 



1S93 J 



.ray with black shading, the gray of the sides having a faint lavender 

 cas* Feet similar to those of young females A and B, but lighter. _ 



The descriptions of female A and male A represent the young during 

 their first autumn, and this young male corresponds probably about as 

 well with Herbert's <bzmaculata> as any bird we shall ever find. 



B i Plumage very similar to adult female, with following exceptions : 

 somewhat lighter on front of forehead and lores; lower surface : of body 

 decidedlv whitish, -broadly so from jugulum to legs, -or white faintly 

 spotted with brownish gray, shading to a more uniform, more brownish 

 ad deeper tint toward the tail ; the rectrices with buff or pale brown tips 

 Bill: in shape about as in younger male; in color somewhat as in adult 

 female, but light stripes of nail more reddish; pink at sides obscure, much 

 darker duller, less uniform. Feet as in young male A. 



C* Differing decidedlv from young male B ; upper parts both lighter 

 and darker, presenting a much more variegated appearance ; hght brown 

 and -v feathers with whitish edgings at their ends, contrasting strongly 

 with others of brownish black; many of the pallid ends worn and ragged; 

 g eater part of head and neck darker, more blackish; the forehead and 

 fore noticeably speckled with brownish white; tail more extens.vely 

 I;; e b own" (looking dead, dry and ready for renewal, like many 

 of he other feathers); lower surface of body less whitish, pale gray 

 ainrtv spotted with grayish brown on the breast, and casing on 

 almost uniform grayish brown posteriorly; jugulum b,^ black 



broken into irregularly bv the light color of the breast. Bill (fig- 6) a 

 ri£ more swolfen ; chiefly grayish black, lighter and more .grayish in 

 "rt the nail streakily blackish and gray at its root; the pinkish color of 

 the s'ides still more obscure, barely indicated. Feet about as before. 



D » Plumage with much more black, the black showing extensively 

 over the upper parts (particularly about head, neck, tertiar.es, primaries, 

 r d tai coverts), the bird being still more brown than black, however ; 

 he ds of the brownish feathers somewhat lighter than the rest, but 

 nowhere noticeably so; front of forehead and lores minutely freckled w, h 

 Z 1 buff; eve-patch beginning to appear, very short, continued only 

 I very Httk behino the eye and dull brownish white, the eye also edge 

 hough not continuously' with this white; lower plumage al-u*™ 

 brown deepening to black about jugulum and cr.ssum Ins nearly 

 hite mil (figs 5 and 8) much more like the adult drake*. .- differing 

 om it I follows: knob lifted less abruptly; nostrils ™f^7^ 

 basal black of maxilla broader, continued very positive y all along the 

 edges and spreading out in front at the sides of the nail ; the white field 

 'ess cleanly white and wholly separated from the purple at each side by a 



1 Described from specimens killed May 4 and 5- 



2 Described from specimens killed April 22 and May 4. 



3 Described from specimens killed May 3. 



