Vol. XT Rhoads on the Hudsonian Chickadee and its Allies. 329 



1S93 



contrast to colors of upper parts and more extended posteriorly than in any 

 other form. Sides of neck purer ash-gray than hudsonicus, that color 

 nearly surrounding and contrasting with the crown as in stoneyi. 



Adult male and female in spring plumage :— Types, ' $ No. 100,630; $ , 

 No. 93,565; Coll. Smithsonian Institution, Washington, D. C, coll. by 

 L. M. Turner at Fort Chimo, Ungava, Labrador, March 17 and April 

 1, 18S4.) — Crown, chocolate to plumbeous brown (never pale or ashy 

 brown) well defined posteriorly against the ashy brown of back and later- 

 ally against the ash-gray sides of neck, which color, in extreme cases, 

 nearly encircles crown. Dorsal area nearly uniform ashy brown, becom- 

 ing rusty on rump. Wing feathers not only edged but secondaries dis- 

 tinctly tipped with ashy. Tail uniform slate, less ashy than in hudsonicus 

 or evura. Throat and bill purer, clearer black ; ocular spots larger, nearly 

 black anteriorly and always(?) connected by well-defined frontlet of same 

 color. 



Measurements.— $ ,No. 100,630; wing, 67 mm. ; tail, 67; tarsus, 16.5; bill 

 from nostril, 7. $ , No. 93,565 ; wing (abraded) 63 mm. ; tail (abraded) 63 ; 

 tarsus, 16; bill from nostril, 6.6. 



This race is as strongly characterized as colnmbianus. from 

 which it differs in its smaller size, shorter and slenderer bill, and 

 richer brown coloration, the brown of crown and nape being less 

 dusky and that of sides more rusty as in hudsonicus. Compared 

 with any of its allies, ungava shows better color definition, the 

 dark brown of crown and nape contrasting abruptly with ashy cast 

 of back instead of mingling insensibly into the sbades of upper 

 parts as in hudsonicus and evura. The dark spot surrounding 

 the eye is also large and well defined and always present in such 

 specimens as I have, while in all other forms except columbianus 

 it is often nearly obsolete. The ashy white of sides of neck in 

 ungava is even more noticeable than in stoneyi because of the 

 darker hue of crown in former. The nearest ally of ungava is 

 undoubtedly stoneyi, evura coming nearest hudsonicus, coht?n- 

 bianus showing no decided affinities in either direction. 



The only portion of the habitat of ungava represented by adult 

 specimens is the region about Fort Chimo. A young bird from 

 Ricrolette shows same color values as the adults. It is recorded 



1 The only adult spring male in the Ungava series is typical in all respects save in 

 the color of the crown, which is much lighter than the average, and the only typical 

 spring female is somewhat darker than the average and is in worn plumage. No 

 single spring specimen combines the requirements of a type, so I have thought it 

 preferable to meet these requirements in the two skins selected than in a single 

 winter specimen. 

 42 



