Vol. XXT Recent Literature. 2 20 



necticut, and on the effect of the wind on the migrations of various other 

 species of birds. His conclusions are as follows : 



"i. That the migratory movements of hawks are largely determined by 

 the direction of the wind, hawks regularly depending on favorable winds 

 as a help in migration. 



"2. That an adverse wind not only retards the migratory movement, 

 but that it almost completely arrests it. 



"3. That the migratory period of the various species of hawks lasts 

 for from about fifteen days to one month; during this time the migratory 

 movements take place on days when favorable winds occur. 



"4. When the wind is favorable and approximately parallel to the direc- 

 tion of migration, hawks fly and sail at a high altitude and occasionally 

 soar in circles. 



"5. When the wind is favorable but nearly perpendicular to the migra- 

 tory direction (the favorable component being small), hawks fly low and 

 soar continually, often alternating soaring with the wind and flying or 

 sailing against it. 



"6. That hawks migrate during the daylight, and, other conditions 

 being the same, they are most abundant in migratory flights when the 

 atmosphere is clear. 



"7. When a migratory flight of hawks takes place, continued favorable 

 winds exhaust the number of hawks ready to make the migratory journey, 

 but a second favorable wind about one week later may cause a second 

 flight equal in magnitude to the first. 



"8. That a favorable wind, when the favorable component is small, 

 may cause decided deviations of the course of migrating birds from the 

 main migrating direction." 



The author believes that other birds take advantage of favorable winds 

 in migrating, and that in the case of the Falconidse the habit has become 

 well formed. Several tables are given showing the influence of weather 

 conditions upon the flights of migrating hawks in southern Connecticut. 

 A series of maps of the coast-line of the New England States and New 

 Jersey is given showing the lines of flight of hawks in both autumn and 

 spring in relation to the direction of the wind. — J. A. A. 



Richmond on Birds from the Andaman and Nicobar Islands.' — The 



collection contains 520 specimens, representing nearly 100 species, col- 

 lected mostly at the Great and Little Nicobar Islands by Dr. W. L. Abbott. 

 Nine species are described as new. Besides giving the collectors' valua- 

 ble field notes, measurements and critical remarks are added by Dr. 



1 Birds collected by Dr. W. L. Abbott and Mr. C. B. Kloss in the Andaman 

 and Nicobar Islands. By Charles W. Richmond, Assistant Curator, Division 

 of Birds, U. S. National Museum. Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., Vol. XXV, No. 

 1288, pp. 287-314, 1902. 



