2^52 Trott¥.k^ Kalin's Ornithological Observations. I July 



spring, for a short time, but they do not make their nests here, 

 for they proceed on more to the north. Certain old Swedes told 

 me, that in their younger years, as the country was not yet much 

 cultivated, an incredible number of cranes were here every spring ; 

 but at present they are not so numerous. Several people who 

 have settled here, eat their flesh, when they can shoot them. 

 They are said to do no harm to' corn, or the like." (Eng. Trans., 



II, p. 72.) 



The Whooping Crane {Grus americana) was at one time 

 abundant on our Atlantic seaboard, and this is the species prob- 

 ably referred to by Kalm. Dr. Coues says of G. americana : " So 

 wild and wary a bird must be much influenced by the settlement 

 of the country." 



Partridges. — At Raccoon, New Jersey, where Kalm spent 

 much of his time among the Swedes, is a note under date of 

 January 22, 1749, in which we can hardly fail to recognize our 

 Virginia Partridge or " Bob White." The "hazel-hen" referred 

 to in the following note is undoubtedly the Ruffed Grouse — 

 "the birds which the Swedes in this country c'^W Partridges ■&xidi 

 Hazel-hens were in whole flocks in the woods " (Eng. Trans., Vol. 

 r, p. 290). While at Montreal Kalm heard of a bird which he 

 judged to be the ^^ Ptannigans, or Snoiv-hens {Tetrao Lagopus)^ 

 (Eng. Trans., Ill, p. 58.) 



Wild Turkey. — " Turkey Cocks and Hens run about in the 

 woods of this country, and differ in nothing from our tamer ones, 

 except in their superior size, and redder, though more palatable 

 flesh. When their eggs are found in the wood, and put under 

 Turkey hens, the young ones become tame ; however when they 

 grow up, it sometimes happens that they fly away ; their wings are 

 therefore commonly clipped, especially when young. But the 

 tamed turkeys are commonly much more irascible, than those 

 which are naturally tame. The Indians likewise employ them- 

 selves in taming them and keeping them near their huts." (Eng. 

 Trans., I, p. 209.) 



Wild PigeIon. — At Raccoon, New Jersey, under date of March 

 3, 1749, occurs the following note: — " Wild Pigeons {Columba 

 Migratoria) , flew in the woods, in number beyond conception, and 

 I was assured that they were more plentiful than they had been 



