3IO Recent Literature. SJilx-j 



that in the oak and pine woods at Bay St. Louis, Miss., on the Gulf Coast, 

 the preceding species, excepting the Tennessee Warbler, were still pres- 

 ent as late as Maj lo. 



The character of weather that induces this delay sometimes persists in 

 the latitude of New (Orleans past the middle of May, so it is doubtful how 

 late the migrants of the class referred to would be apt to linger. The 

 extreme record so far established is May 15 for the Redstart and Bay- 

 breasted Warbler. One of each species was seen on that date in 1902 at 

 New Iberia, La., 125 miles west of New Orleans, on the edge of the fertile 

 prairies of southwest Louisiana, in which region migration is noticeably 

 later than at New Orleans. The lateness of this date is less surprising 

 for the Redstart than for the Bay-breasted Warbler, as the Redstart has 

 been found breeding in central and northern Louisiana. Audubon, how- 

 ever, records that he became acquainted with the Bay-breasted Warbler 

 in a cotton field in June. I have never seen any explanation of this 

 anomaly. — H. H. Kopman, Nezv Orleans, La. 



RECENT LITERATURE. 



Mudge on the Tongue Muscles of Parrots.' — This paper contains a 

 detailed and careful study of the muscles of the tongues of various spe- 

 cies of Parrots and presents a scheme of classification based upon them 

 and on the bones of the hyoid. Reference is made to the observations 

 of others on the tongues of birds, but it might have been said that many 

 of them, and especially the papers by Lucas, dealt with external modifica- 

 tions only. Nothing is said of these in the present memoir, so that we 

 do not know ^vhether or not Prof. Mudge attaches any value to outside 

 characters, although we infer that he does not since Tri'ckoglossus is not 

 merelv accorded no special rank, but is not even mentioned in the table 

 of classification. The author states that his investigations show that 

 the lingual muscles of the parrots are in the course of evolutionary 

 changes, some of the muscles exhibiting the structural variations indica- 

 tive of these much more markedly than others, and that the Loriidie 

 have advanced farthest along the road of specialization. He then pro- 



' On the Myology of the Tongue of Parrots, with a Classification of the 

 Order, based upon the Structure of the Tongue. By Geo. P. Mudge, A. B. 

 C. S. Lond., F. Z. S. etc. Trans. Zool. Soc. London, Vol. XVI, Oct 1902, pp. 

 211-272, pll. xxvi-xxix. 



