398 Ci^AKK, Black-winged Palm Taiiager. ^o"^ 



THE BLACK-WINGED PALM TANAGER. 



BY AUSTIN H. CLARK. 



Through the kindness of Mr. Outram Bangs, I have been 

 enabled to examine the large series of Tanagra palmarutn melan- 

 optera (Sclater) in his collection, as well as those in the collection 

 of the Museum of Comparative Zoology at Cambridge. 



The localities represented in the series, with the number of 

 specimens from each, are as follows: Panama, 19 ; Santa Marta, 

 i; Margarita Island, 3; Trinidad, 2; "Venezuela," i; Yacura^ 

 Venezuela, i ; Lake Titicaca, Peru, 2. In addition to these 

 examples, I have, in my tabulation, made use of the measurements 

 given by Mr. Ridgway ^ for skins from the following localities : 

 Costa Rica, 6 ; Panama, 2 ; Trinidad, 2 ; British Guiana, i ; 

 Lower Amazons, 5; Rio Huallaga (Peru), 2. This brings the 

 whole number under discussion up to forty-seven. 



For comparison, specimens of T. pab7ianim pahnanmi, were 

 studied from Santarem (i), Bahia (i), and "Brazil" (3). 



The object in view was to observe the variations of this sub- 

 species with regard to its geographical distribution, and to deter- 

 mine whether the northern bird, occurring about Panama, is 

 separable as a valid form, which Ridgway considers may prove to 

 be the case. 



Dr. Sclater^ gives the distribution of Tanagra palmarum as 

 "southern Brazil and Bolivia northward to Trinidad, Venezuela, 

 Colombia, Panama, and Costa Rica." The subspecies juelanop- 

 tera is given 3 as occurring in the western part of South America, 

 from Nicaragua south to eastern Peru (type locality), and east to 

 Trinidad, including Colombia, Ecuador, Venezuela, and the 

 Amazons valley. This restricts T. palmarum palmarum to east- 

 ern and southeastern Brazil, north to British Guiana. Ridgway 

 says that in the same locality in the lower Amazons district, 

 examples occur, representing as to coloration, at least, both forms ; 



' Birds of North and Middle America, Part II, p. 59. 



^ Catalogue of the Birds in the British Museum, Vol. XI, p. 160. 



^ Ridgway, loc. cit. 



