Zoological Society. 69 



deavour to obtain specimens of it ; and the result was that Captain 

 George WagstafF had succeeded in procuring at the Gaboon river, 

 and had presented to Mr. Stutchbury, three skulls of the large species 

 and one of the smaller species of chimpanzee, all adult : and these 

 skulls Mr. Stutchbury had transmitted for description and exhibition 

 at the Zoological Society. 



One of the skulls of the large species {Troglodytes Savagei) was 

 of a very old male : the length of the skull was ll^ inches (0-29), 

 with the molars worn nearly to the stumps, and the crown of the 

 canine reduced, partly by fracture, partly by attrition, to its basal 

 portion : its pulp had been inflamed and had produced ulceration of 

 the alveolus. 



A second skull was also of a male, of equal size, with the full 

 dentition of maturity, but with merely the summits of the cusps of 

 the molars and the margins of the incisors slightly worn. The 

 third skull of the Troglodytes Savagei was of a female, 9 inches 

 (0'23) long, with the mature dentition, and with the molars not 

 more worn than in the younger male. The fourth skull was of a 

 female adult chimpanzee, 1\ inches (0"185) in length, of the known 

 species (Troglodytes niger), with the complete permanent dentition, 

 and the teeth more abraded than in the two preceding skulls. 



The lower jaw was wanting in each of the foregoing specimens, 

 and the occipital or basal part of the skull had been more or less 

 fractured in each ; the skull of the young but full-grown male of 

 the Troglodytes Savagei being the most perfect. 



Captain WagstaflT reached Bristol in a broken state of health, and 

 died soon after his arrival. The only information which Mr. Stutch- 

 bury was able to obtain from him was, that the natives, when they 

 succeed in killing one of these chimpanzees, make a ' fetish' of the 

 cranium. The specimens bore indications of the sacred marks in 

 broad red stripes crossed by a white stripe, of some pigment which 

 could be washed off. Their superstitious reverence of these hideous 

 remains of their formidable and dreaded enemy adds to the difficulty 

 of obtaining specimens. 



Besides the young but mature skull of the male Troglodytes niger, 

 of which the permanent dentition was figured in the author's 

 ' Odontography,' he had compared with Mr. Stutchbury's speci- 

 mens of Troglodytes Savagei, a skull of a more aged male Troglodytes 

 niger with the permanent dentition more worn than in the younger 

 adult male of the Troglodytes Savagei. The results of a detailed 

 comparison between the skulls of the adult males of the two species 

 were then given. Besides the differences of size, as indicated in 

 the subjoined ' Table of Dimensions,' the following were among the 

 characters establishing the specific distinction of the two chimpan- 

 zees. With regard to the dentition, the author observed that, as 

 in the smaller species of the Orangs of Borneo (Pitkecus Moi-io), the 

 incisive teeth of the smaller species of chimpanzee (Troglodytes 

 niger) equalled in size those of the larger species (Troglodytes 

 Savagei) ; but that the canines and the molars were considerably 

 larger in the Troglodytes Savagei : the series of the five molar teeth 



