243 Dr. H. F. C. Cleghorn on the Hedge Plants of India, 



Euphorbia nivulia, Bucli. 



E. neriifolia, Hort. Beng. 



Ela Calli, Hort. Malab. ii. t. 43. 



Sij, Hind. Ela Calli, Can. 



A poor-looking tree, grows abundantly in the rocky parts of 



the Deccan, and forms a common hedge, delighting in the arid 



districts, " Habitat ubique in Indise sepibus." — Buch. It has a 



whitish dead appearance, resembling a bundle of dry sticks, and 



unless for a short period during the rains, when it puts forth a 



few leaves, rather takes from than adds to the appearance of the 



landscape [Gi-aham). The branches being as thick as the stem, 



their accumulated weight often breaks it, and the plant falls to 



the ground. 



Ccesalpinia sepiaria, Kox. 



Mysore Thorn. Hyder ka Jar, Hind., i. e. Hyder's Plant. 



A showy scandent shrub, armed with short strong recurved 

 prickles. This plant is invested with historical interest, Hyder 

 Ally having employed it much as a protecting hedge around his 

 strongholds. The fences are handsome, and almost impenetrable. 

 The village fortifications in the Mysore territories have in a great 

 measure fallen to pieces ; but the remaining mud walls are still 

 encircled by stout hedges of this and Pterolubium lacerans, as are 

 also the dwellings of the Pariahs who are not permitted to build 

 within the village walls. It is generally used as a fence in the 

 Baghyat lands of the Deccan. Indigenous in the subalpine 

 districts, and has been domesticated at Madras and in Bengal, 

 where it is now nearly as common as in Mysore. Hyder's plant 

 possesses the advantages of beauty and durability, is easily raised 

 from seed in rows wherever the fence is to be established, and 

 seems to grow vigorously both above and below the Ghauts in 

 almost every climate. The hedge requires little care beyond 

 shortening the side branches by occasional pruning. The base 

 is generally substantial, so as effectually to resist the pressure of 

 cattle and to prevent the ingress of destructive vermin. 



Ccesalpinia Sappan, L. 



Sappan "Wood. 



Patanga-mara, Can. 



An armed climbing shrub planted in garden or other fences ; 

 it is easily reared from seeds in almost any soil, if the plants are 

 watered during the dry weather. After ten or twelve years the 

 wood of the plant becomes valuable for its red dye, and is 

 exported extensively from the western coast*. 



* Mad. Top. Report, i. p. 495. 



