184 Bulletin American Museum of Natural History. [Vol. X, 



P. bathmodon' Cope. 



The composition skeleton of P. bathmodon measures 2 feet 9 

 inches (830 mm.) from the premaxillaries to the back of the ischiac 

 symphysis, and i foot t^ inches at the withers. It is thus about 

 the size and proportions of a large Wolverene [Gulo luscus). 



Excepting in the selenodont teeth, it typifies the hypothetical 

 Protu/igulate, being more primitive than either Euprotogonia or 



Phenacodus. The step is that of the 

 Bear, the feet very broad and spread- 

 ing, the wrist and ankle being slightly 

 raised off the ground, and the phal- 

 anges terminating in hoofs. 



The vertebrse preserved (Nos. 2549, 

 2551) indicate a short neck (C. 6 = 

 10 mm.) as in Periptychus, and a back 

 increasing in stretigth and power as we 

 pass tozvards the lumbar region. Thus 

 the dorsals are short anteriorly (D. 5 

 ^ 15 mm., No. 2549) and indicate 

 less separation of the zygapophysial 

 and rib-tubercle facets than in Phena- 

 codus. The lumbars (L. 4 = 25 mm., 

 No. 2549) are longer; unlike most 

 Creodonts they present horizontal 

 rather than vertical zygapophysial 

 facets. The tail is long and powerful. 



Fig. 10. Pantolaiiivda Oailuncdon 

 Astragalus, met.^carpal III and phal 

 anges. Am. Mus., Cupe Cull., No, 

 3957- 



Primitive or Protungulate Characters. — Among the 

 persistent primitive or Creodont characters of Pantolambda are the 

 following : 



Brain small, olfactory lobes large, hemispheres smooth. Skull with a sagit- 

 tal crest ; terminal anterior nares ; nasals very long and expanding posteriorly; 

 mastoid (periotic) widely exposed and forming lower posterior border of exter- 

 nal auditory meatus ; tympanic bones rudimentary ; zygomatic arches slender ; 

 no alisphenoid canal; basi-cranial foramina separate. 



Dentition typical ; no diastemata ; molars tritubercular, incisors small, 

 cylindrical ; canines rounded. Girdles : scapula unknown ; ilium acuminate 

 as in Phenacodus. 



> See Cope, Am. Nat., Vol. XVII, p. 406. 



