282 Bulletin American Museum of Natural History. [Vol. XVI, 



accessory cusps are added to it, one external to the protoconid, one 

 behind the metaconid. The protoconid is central in position, greatly- 

 reduced in proportionate size compared with Cams or even with Am- 

 phicyon, and the shearing edges of pr^ and pa^ are reduced and httle 

 used. The accessory cusps and heel are nearly as high as the pa^. 

 The heel consists of a larger external and smaller internal cusp, both 

 greatly worn, but apparently low and rounded. The external cin- 

 gulum is strong and crenulate. 



The second molar has the same composition as the first, except that 

 the paraconid is small and connate with the protoconid, which is of the 

 same size as the well-separated metaconid. The external cinguliim is 

 very broad in the anterior half of the tooth and bears one well-defined 

 cusp external to the protoconid. The heel is nearly as long as the 

 trigonid. 



The third molar is obovate with shallow basin heel, and larger trig- 

 onid too much worn for distinction of cusps. The cusps of the heel 

 are mostly obsolete, the surface wrinkled. 



The premolars are shorter than in C. latrans, all except the first bear- 

 ing the posterior accessory cusp, characteristic of the dogs, but absent 

 in the bears. The first premolar is single rooted, spaced equally be- 

 tween the canine and second premolar. (In the dogs it approaches 

 the other premolars, in the bears usually the canine.) 



Canine slightly more slender than in C. latrans, more curved at base, 

 less curved toward tip. 



The deep masseteric fossa, long angular process, and strong 

 metaconid suggest Daphcsnus, which, however, has the normal 

 canine proportion of carnassial and molar teeth, and, like all 

 the more ancient genera, has the shear more oblique to the 

 tooth-line than in the later Canidae. 



From the more ancient genus Cephalogale it differs in the 

 presence of the accessory premolar cusps, slender jaw, larger 

 molars, the posterior molars less unlike to the carnassial, and 

 in the presence on the carnassial of two accessory cusps. All 

 the modern microdont Canidae except Otocyon have a more 

 typical proportion of carnassial and tubercular teeth, and lack 

 the accessory carnassial cusps. Their premolars are nar- 

 rower. Cynarctus is near to Haplocyon Schlosser, founded on 

 the jaw-fragment with pms 2 to 4 from St. Gerand-le-Puy, 

 described by the late Prof. Filhol under the name of Amphi- 

 cyon crucians. But the premolars are more cynoid, not so, 

 high, and the posterior accessory cusp is present on pg. The 



