64 Royal Society :-— 
Indian, including 
Total. Palearctic. Ethiopian. those which are Peculiar. 
also Ethiopian. 
Mammalia .... 82 4] 30* 13 a 
Wrens. cies B26 1. 258 36+ 14 27 
Reptilia ...... 48 25 13f 2 4§ 
Pisces, fluviatile 17 l 3 3 10|| 
Mollusea...... 146 48 8 2 81 
Flora, general.. 9634 
Flora, Dead-Sea 
basin (Phane- 
rogamic).... 113 27 leg 26 3 
Several of the Ethiopian Mammalia are sedentary forms, and 
seem to point to an earlier settlement than across the recent deserts. 
There is no trace of any immigration from the Indian region. Of 
the peculiar species, Hyrawz syriacus belongs to an exclusively Ethio- 
pian and isolated type, yet is specifically different from its congeners, 
which are all most sedentary in their habits. 
The Avifauna is very rich in number of species, most unequally 
distributed. The Ethiopian and Indian types are almost exclusively 
confined to the Dead-Sea basin, excepting only the desert forms. 
There are several Indian species, as Ketupa ceylonensis, which have 
no affinities with any Ethiopian forms. Of the peculiar species, 
besides several modifications of well-known Palzearctic forms, there 
are eleven, belonging to as many different Ethiopian and Indian 
genera. Three of these are decidedly Indian in their affinities. The 
Avifauna of the Dead-Sea basin is decidedly distinct and typical, 
sometimes Indian, more generally Ethiopian in its character. 
In the Reptilia there is a less prominent intrusion of Ethiopian 
types, there being a general similarity to the Egyptian herpetological 
fauna, which must be classed within the Palearctic region. The 
Indian is present in Daboia wanthina; and the affinities of a new 
genus Rhynchocalamus are rather obscure. Snakes in particular 
are more limited to the original locality of the individuals ; and the 
groups, like the individuals, are more stationary. 
The fluviatile ichthyological fauna is much more distinct, though 
the number of species is small. In its consideration. we confine 
ourselves to the Jordan and its tributaries, in which are three 
Nilotic fishes, three others extending eastward in Asia, six to other 
rivers of Syria, and four peculiar, bearing a strong affinity to the 
species and genera (as Chromis and Hemichromis) of tropical Eastern 
Africa. 
Of the Mollusca, most of the peculiar species have no geographical 
signification. The Pulmonifera have developed in groups which 
* Of which 9 are also Indian. + Of which 8 are also Indian. 
+ Of which 1 is also Indian. § And 5 others Asiatic, but not Indian. 
|| Of which 5 are also Syrian and Asia Minor. 
q About 1300 species are known from Palestine (Phanerogamic). 
** Of which 26 are also Indian. 
