170 Miscellaneous. 
provisionally cited as Anochanus sinensis.— Monatsber. Berl. Akad. 
Wissensch. March 12, 1868, pp. 178-180. 
Note on the Anutomy of Pontobdella verrucata (Leach). 
By L. Varrtanr. 
The number of rings in the zoonite in Hirudo and most of the 
allied genera is 5; in Pontobdella it is 4, as was recognized by 
Savigny. The body of P. verrucata contains 10 complete zoonites 
in its middle part, behind the cincture; the extremities and the 
cincture are less regularly formed, the rings being often grouped in 
threes. The total number of rings is 66. In the male zoonites 
(the six immediately following the cincture) the testes occupy the 
first ring, the nervous ganglion is placed between the third and 
fourth, and upon the last are the muciparous pores. 
Beneath the skin and muscles the body presents a thick layer of 
yellowish-brown glandules, the excretory canals of which may be 
traced to the surface ; they probably endue the animal with a pro- 
tective coat. ‘The muciparous vesicles of the cincture present a 
eiliated inner pavilion analogous to that indicated first in the 
Lumbricina, and afterwards in the Branchiobdelle. 
The trunk, by which these worms suck the blood which con- 
stitutes their food, is quite unarmed, so that it probably only pene- 
trates by separating the tissues. The cesophagus is surrounded by 
whitish glandules, the excretory ducts of which are directed forward, 
towards the anterior disk. An analogous arrangement has been in- 
dicated in Aulastoma by Leydig, who supposes that these glands 
discharge themselves at the jaws to facilitate their action; the 
author thinks that they have probably to do with the formation of 
the oviferous cocoon. The so-called stomach, which the author 
would prefer to name ingluvies or crop, 1s a reservoir in which the 
blocd accumulates without undergoing any perceptible change. It 
is divided anteriorly into seven chambers, indicated outside by slight 
constrictions, and separated by incomplete septa; behind is a large 
cecum to which the intestine is applied longitudinally. The intes- 
tine has two lateral dilatations at its origin, and is divided into four 
nearly equal parts. The wills of the ingluvies are formed by in- 
terlaced fibres of laminar tissue and smooth muscular fibres, without 
distinct glandular elements; the walls of the intestine contain a 
multitude of true glandular acini. It is here that the process of 
digestion commences. 
The female generative apparatus consists of a long sac or cecum, 
the anterior neck-like part of which terminates at a whitish body 
of glandular aspect. From this starts a duct which unites with 
that of the opposite side, to open by a single median aperture. The 
glandular organ likewise receives from five to seven ducts on its 
mner surface; and these the author believes come from the trans- 
parent glands which occur at some parts, mixed with the yellowish 
subcutaneous glandules. This system would then have to be re- 
