74 ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY 



Mr. Rivera, speaking in French, stated that he was visiting 

 the United States and Europe to study the methods of eco- 

 nomic entomology with a view to fitting them to Chilean con- 

 ditions. He remarked on the paucity of economic insects in 

 Chile. The most injurious are introduced species. The 

 codling moth is their principal injurious insect. Schisoneura 

 lanigera is very abundant and destructive. The insects of 

 the vine are prominent economically, especially Margarodes 

 and cockchafers. Phylloxera has not yet been found in Chile. 

 As the commerce of Chile increases, many of the insect pests 

 of other countries will probably be introduced. In response to 

 a question, he said that insects in fruit importations leaving 

 Europe in the autumn would reach Chile in their spring — a 

 time favorable for insect development. He also spoke of the 

 great north and south length of Chile and the consequent di- 

 versity in fauna and flora, and also the difference between 

 insects of the eastern mountains and those of the coast. 



Mr. Schwarz, in discussion, spoke of the similarity between 

 insects of arid California and of Chile, and referred to the 

 presence in Chile of Aramigus fulleri, which might be native 

 to Chile. He then gave an account of the discovery, ravages, 

 and nearly complete disappearance of this insect in the United 

 States. Mr. Rivera stated that the insect just mentioned had 

 been in Chile about eight or ten years, and that it does great 

 damage to cultivated strawberries, olives, etc. 



Doctor Howard then gave an account of his recent trip in 

 Europe, endeavoring to interest European entomologists in 

 sending larvae of gipsy and brown-tail moths to the United 

 States for the purpose of introducing parasites. An especial 

 effort was made to get larvae in the first and second stages, in 

 order to rear an Apanteles. Upon this trip he had taken with 

 him sets of the parasitic Hymenoptera and Diptera which had 

 been bred from imported larvae of gipsy and brown-tail moths 

 in Massachusetts. Great difficulty was experienced in ob- 

 taining identifications of these insects. Not one of the 24 

 ichneumonids and braconids could be found in any of the 

 larger museums. Two of the chalcidids were found in a box 

 in the laboratory of the Jardin des Plantes, Paris. These had 



