276 Proceedings of the Royal Physical Society. 



bone, teeth, skin, hair, etc., having been found in the 

 lower gut. 



The adipose tissue accumulates mostly in the hind quarters, 

 in the omentum, and mesentery; it is frequently 3 inches 

 thick over the buttocks, back, and thighs. "When a bear is 

 very thin, the little adipose tissue found is very granular, and 

 appears to have very little oil in it ; it is then of a much 

 brighter yellow than usual. 



The brain is a small one, but varies extraordinarily in 

 weight. Old bears' brains frequently weigh 16 ounces, 

 whereas a cub may have one 17-J ounces. The following are 

 weights taken by me : — 



Large males, 18^, 19^ 18^ 20, 16, 17 ounces each. 



Average males, 16, 18, 15^, 16, 19|, 17^, 16^-, 16f, 18^, 16 

 ounces each. 



Small males, 15^, 1.3|^ ounces each. 



Females, 18, 16, 16, 19^ ounces each. 



Cubs, 17, 17^ ounces each. 



The average is therefore about 17 ounces. 



Cysts are very common on the skin of the head and neck 

 especially, though they are occasionally also to be found on the 

 rest of the body. These cysts range in size from a split-pea 

 to that of a filbert nut, and on some bears are very numerous. 

 They are probably sebaceous, but they nearly always contain, 

 besides cheesy material, masses of coiled-up hair. 



One case of fibrous tumour was observed. It was inclined 

 to be pendulous, and was attached to the lower gum at the 

 junction between it and the lip, at about the middle line, and 

 caused the lower lip to protrude a good deal ; it was of the 

 size of a walnut. 



A case of exostosis came also under observation, situated 

 upon the symphysis of the lower jaw. This was about an 

 inch and a half in diameter, and protruded an inch. It was 

 composed of compact bone. 



I also came across a salivary calculus in the parotid. It 

 was irregular in shape, and the size of a large bean. 



Arthritis deformans, or osteo-arthritis, is not infrequent 

 among bears. I found several examples of this condition. 

 In one case — the worst I saw — the bones of all the four feet 



