Mammalian and other Fragmeyitary Bones. 316 



great majority of the fragments were remains of red-deer 

 (Germcs elaphus), and indicated a considerable number of 

 individuals, varying in age from animals whose full com- 

 plement of teeth had not yet erupted, to those which were 

 quite adult. Among the bones collected there were portions 

 of jaws with teeth, part of the base of a skull, the humerus, 

 scapula, radius, and ulna, metacarpal bones and phalanges of 

 the fore-limb; os innominatum, tibia, os calcis and meta- 

 tarsal bones, and phalanges of the hind-limb ; as well as 

 numerous ribs. In addition to the mere identification of 

 these fragments, it is worthy of remark that one of the 

 metatarsal bones presented some traces of tooth-markings, 

 while a well-preserved os calcis of large size showed an 

 incised depression about half an inch long upon its outer 

 surface. Another os calcis, belonging to a smaller animal 

 than that just referred to, presented many tooth scratches, 

 and its tuberosity had quite clearly been gnawed away. 



The sheep {Ovis aries) was represented by several dis- 

 tinctive fragments. Thus, part of a right mandible carrying 

 two teeth, viz., a prse-molar and a molar, as also portions of 

 the tibia, humerus, and ribs, could be identified. One other 

 mammal was represented by a left tibia. Beyond stating 

 that this animal was about the size of a mouse, it is impossible 

 to be more precise. 



None of the other fragments could be referred with cer- 

 tainty to any special mammal. A number of characteristic 

 bird-bones were present. These were leg and wing bones of 

 a bird not quite so large as an adult swan, and they might 

 be those of a large goose. There were numerous fish-bones, 

 and several shells. 



B. Zotoer Layer. — In this portion there were over twenty 

 fragments, of which only eight or nine could be accurately 

 identified. Of these, again, there were seven which belonged 

 to the red-deer, but not all of them to the same animal. A 

 young lower jaw with a non-erupted molar tooth, and the shaft 

 of a humerus minus its epiphyses, may have belonged to one 

 animal. A single molar tooth, as also two fragments of an un- 

 identified long bone, may possibly have been subjected to the 

 action of fire. A prje-maxilla; part of a metatarsal bone ; a 



