61 
Fairmaire has distributed among his groups numerous species 
which he definitely states are unknown to him, and the descrip- 
tions of which contain no hintas to the presence of the characters 
on the assumed presence of which M. Fairmaire assigns them 
their place. And again the headof Z. lambipennis is characterised 
in the description of that species as ‘ rufo-testaceous,” and a note 
at the end of the description says—‘“ This species is easy to 
recognise by its black head.” 
As I have recently had occasion, for the purpose indicated 
above, to go carefully through all the literature bearing upon 
Zonitis and ascertain which of the descriptions are capable of 
identification, with any particular insect, and which are mere 
brief indications of colour, or of two or three differences from 
some other insect, it seems desirable to put the results on record 
for the use of other workers, and to add a tabular statement of 
the characters that I have found available for identifying those 
species which are known to me either through intelligible 
description or inspection of types, 
The names that have been attributed to Zonitis by M. Fair- 
maire or subsequently by their authors, together with Mr. Hope’s 
two Zmesidere are, I think, 42 in number. Of these, I think, 
I can definitely state that two are synonyms,—viz., Z. eneiventris, 
Redt. =éricolor, Le Guillou and Z. ventralis, Fairm. = rostrata, 
Blessig. The former of these instances of synonym is asserted, 
and the latter suspected, by Fairmaire. Of the remaining 40 
names the following four are attached to descriptions in which 
not a single valuable character is mentioned (apart from colour, 
and this is too variable in at least many species of Zonitis to be 
of value when standing alone, at any rate when the colours are 
not very unusual), viz. annulata, Macl. ; aprcalis, Macl. ; 
fuscicornis, Macl.; rubricollis, Hope. The following eleven 
names represent species, the descriptions of which are more 
* detailed than those of the four just mentioned, but, which for the 
reasons assigned below, I have been unable to place in a tabu- 
lation. They are as follows :— 
Z. pallida, Macl. Probably near Cowleyi, Blackb. (described 
below). The description states that the under-surface is black, 
and does not mention the palpi as being particularly long, or the 
eyes as being approximate above, two remarkable characters 
that the author could hardly have failed to notice. Moreover, 
the elytra are said to have three obsolete longitudinal lines, so I 
presume it is distinct from Cowleyi. The absence of information 
concerning the structure of the antenne excludes this species. 
from my tabulation. . 
Z. cylindracea, Fairm. Some remarks on this species will be 
found below under the heading of Z. yorkensis. The ambiguity 
