199 
For about a mile on their southern limits these Tertiary beds 
are overlain by a remarkable travertine conglomerate, the in- 
cluded stones consisting entirely of rounded pebbles of basalt, 
which appear in striking contrast to the white cement in which 
they are embedded. The parent rock from which the basalt has 
been derived exists in situ about one-and-a-half miles to the 
north-west. The conglomerate reaches a maximum thickness of 
‘from three to four feet, and is sparingly fossiliferous. Two shells, 
Truncatella marginata and 7’. scalarina, are present in consider- 
-able numbers. The Truncatelle have their habitat in the higher 
littoral zone, and as the bed in which they have beeu preserved 
‘is from ten to twelve feet above present sea level, it supplies 
evidences of an elevation of the coast line within recent times. 
‘The exclusive character of the embedded stones makes it probable 
either that the basaltic sheet, just referred to as their source, 
-extended as far south as the site of the conglomerate bed at the 
‘time of its formation, or that the deposit was formed at the 
mouth of a river which had its drainage almost exclusively over 
‘the basaltic area. 
Smith’s Bay.—An inconspicuous outcrop of Eocene limestone 
-also occurs in Section 317, Hundred of Menzies, on the banks of 
a creek a little west of the Cape Borda main road. It is situated 
about two miles south-west of Smith’s Bay. The fossiliferous 
limestone occurs in broken fragments on the surface of the 
ground. 
BasAaLt. 
Kingscote and Gap Hills.—The sea cliffs which trend north 
‘from Queenscliffe Jetty exhibit some very interesting geological 
features. At the old Jetty near Kingscote, three quarters of a 
mile north of Queenscliffe, a very instructive section is visible 
A basaltic cap, about a hundred feet in maximum thickness, 
forms the greater part of the cliff, face, thinning out to nothing 
on either side. Theigneous rock is greatly jointed, both vertically 
and horizontally, breaking up by weather action into vertical 
prisms of small size. This fissured condition of the stone makes 
it readily serviceable for road metal, and formally it was shipped 
to Port Adelaide for this purpose. 
The basalt at this point occupies an eroded valley about a 
quarter of a mile wide, in a white, friable, quartzose sandstone, 
which sometimes passes into a coarse grit. The sandstone is 
horizontal, and in places exhibits false bedding. It has a thick- 
ness of about 40 feet at Kingscote, and contains, particularly 
near its base, large concretionary nodules of ironstone. As these 
ferruginous concretions, when exposed, weather into large cup- 
shaped masses, they are sometimes locally used as drinking 
troughs for poultry. 
