204 Proceedings of the Royal Physical Society. 
corner of Africa, from the Tropic of Capricorn to the Cape ; 
and to this I should add the Tikki-tikkis and Akkas, living 
in scattered groups to the north of the equator. 
I have only time to refer in detail to some of the peculari- 
ties of the ethnography of the people inhabiting Central 
Africa, but, before passing on, I may just allude for a moment 
to the religions, which are roughly divided into six groups 
upon the map. The boundaries marked on it separate fairly 
accurately the Nature worshippers from the Moslems, the 
Monophysites or Guostics from the Protestants, the Catholics 
and Jews. 
Considering now the inhabitants of Central Africa, we have 
three groups, or practically three ethnic entities, to deal with. 
They are, it is true, divided into an immense number of 
different tribes, but although the manners and customs of 
these smaller divisions are very various, yet in broad outlines 
the groups are distinct enough. We have accordingly the 
Negro group in the northern part of Central Africa, the Bantu 
eroup extending far to the south, and the group of Hottentots 
in the south-west, to which must be linked, as I before indi- 
cated, the various dwarf tribes scattered in small communities 
in the Congo and Nile districts. 
Generalising, one may say that the Negroes have a well- 
developed muscular system; this is perhaps not so pro- 
nounced in the lower limbs as in the torso, which as a rule 
is so good that a sculptor could scarcely find a better model. 
The head is round, the features are strongly marked, the jaws 
project somewhat, the nose is broad and flattened, the hair 
black and woolly. The colour of Negroes varies from an 
almost perfect black to bistre brown. It has been often said 
that the Negro possesses a clumsy flat foot with a markedly 
projecting heel. This is not so naturally, and when one 
examines the feet of newly-born babies they are seen to be 
well formed, fairly well arched, and with no marked projec- 
tion of the os calcis. It is only in later life, and as a result 
of their manner of living, that the feet lose their natural shape, 
and become to a certain extent ungainly. Looking at the 
mental characteristics of Negroes, we find them to be child- 
like, easily amused, easily aroused to passion. They possess 
