64 
well, known to the natives as Tarrawaitarratarra, and it has 
been conditioned by the intrusion, within a series of schists, 
of i^egmatite and greisen. The muscovite of the pegmatite 
is remarkable for its peculiar reddish-violet tint, closely re- 
sembling that of lepidolite, but failing to give the character- 
istic flame test of the latter. The mica, moreover, of one of 
the schists is similar to that of the true igneous rock, though 
it occurs as smaller individuals. The schist is usually a 
closely laminated, quartz-mica rock, often "knotted'' by 
secondary mineral development ; while at the contact with a 
diorite dyke on the summit of the hill a finely foliated gneiss 
has been produced. The planes of schistosity strike N., 12^ 
E., and dip 40° E. The height above sea level of the expos- 
ure is 2,100 feet, and it stands 140 feet above the sand plains. 
The beds have suffered local displacements ; planes of shear 
are thickly lined with a glossy layer of secondary minerals. 
Outcrops some miles to the north of this exposure were 
presumably observed to be overlaid by conspicuous beds of 
quartzite. Opportunity was not afforded to determine whe- 
ther these beds form part of the fundamental series or whe- 
ther they are unconformable to the schists. 
The hills further south are composed of rock of the com- 
pact granitic character already discussed. In parts they are of 
the ''fluxion" type of gneiss, and they are characterised by 
weathering concentrically. 
Outliers of the Musgrave Ranges. 
The Musgrave Ranges are bordered on the south by 
numerous outliers of granitic rock, many of which 
are of considerable magnitude, and have consequently 
received separate names. A few of these outliers will be 
briefly discussed : — 
Mount Caroline. — South of that portion of the Mus- 
grave Ranges known as Lungley's Gully, about eight miles, 
stands a bold, isolated mount, over 1,000 feet above the level 
of the sands. It is known as Mount Caroline. Its mass is 
composed of biotite granite, with a slight tendency to folia- 
tion on the part of the mica. Large porphyritic, corroded 
crystals of orthoclase predominate, the quartz being subordi- 
nate to the felspar. The rock at the surface is decomposed. 
It is cut by a diorite dyke that can be distinguished on the 
western front from a distance as a black wall running up 
the entire height of the mount. Smaller portions of graphic 
and epidote granite are included within the mass. 
The hill bears porcupine grass, pine and fig tree, and a 
light-coloured lichen covers the massive exposures of the 
granite. 
