63 
Miocene and Archean formations separated by a wedge of glacial 
till? The first trial was made near the northern limits of the 
glacial area and at a point where the base of the Miocenes is 
distinctly marked by a shelf of calciferous and fossiliferous sand- 
stone. Beneath this hard shelf of rock was a softer bed of 
doubtful character. A tunnel was cut for a foot or two into this 
underlying bed, which proved to be an arenaceous clay of a 
greyish color, and was seen to pass beneath the Miocene beds in 
an undisturbed condition. This was the first important item of 
evidence. We had found a bed which could not be classified 
either with the Archzans beneath or the Miocenes above. To 
expose the beds still further a trench was cut in a vertical line 
with the tunnel, but lower down the escarpment. The same beds 
as seen in the tunnel were proved in this cutting, unaltered in 
character, but alternating in color from red to blue or grey, and 
intercalated with sand bands. No junction was proved at this 
spot between the stratified glacial beds and the underlying 
Archeeans, as a considerable talus blinded the latter. 
A little to the south of these trials is a well-marked valley 
which runs due east for half a mile. This valley is excavated in 
a thick deposit of glacial till, carrying numerous scratched stones 
and erratics. One large block of coarse-grained granite measured 
three feet long by two feet wide. Near the western outlet of 
this valley the Archzeans have been exposed by denudation and 
exhibit polished and scratched surfaces, covered by a bare and 
sloping bank of morainic matter. Scratched stones were plenti- 
ful in this clay. Work was begun at this spot to establish the 
conjunction of the glacial deposits with the Miocene base, but 
after a short trial it was discontinued, as a thick talus of Miocene 
debris was found covering the face near the point of junction. 
A third spot was selected about midway between the valley 
just referred to and Black Point, where the Miocene ledge ap- 
proaches nearest to the edge of the cliffs. The Archzans were 
seen to outcrop at the base of the hill, but without glaciated 
surface, whilst the Miocene ledge occupied the crest of the hill. 
A distance of about a dozen yards separated the two points. On 
laying bare the Archean surface, the purple shales exhibited a 
highly glaciated face, having a steep inclination landwards, and 
the glacial clay was seen to be in direct contact with the polished 
surface. The trench was continued, vertically, until the uni- 
formity of deposit between the Miocene base and glaciated pave- 
ment was demonstrated, the lithology of the beds agreeing en- 
tirely with those exposed in the first trench. The results ob- 
tained were considered the quod erat demonstrandum of the in- 
vestigations and rendered any further exploratory work needless. 
