74 Proceedings of the Royal Physical Society. 



includes the horse among the twenty-three species of 

 animals identified among the bones found in Kirkdale Cave, 

 Yorkshire, but its remains are few in comparison with those 

 of some of the others represented, such as the hysena, tiger, 

 bear, wolf, elephant, rhinoceros, hippopotamus, ox, deer, etc. 

 Eemains of the hyfena, representing from 200 to 300 indi- 

 viduals, were most abundant ; and next to them came those 

 of the ox and three species of deer. From such evidence 

 Dr Buckland came to the conclusion that the cave was the 

 den of hyaenas; and, as no complete skeleton of any of the 

 larger animals had been found, he inferred that the hyaenas 

 carried their food piecemeal into the cave. 



My next example is the w^ell-known station of Kent's 

 Cavern, near Torquay, which differs from the former in 

 having been a habitation of man, as well as a retreat for 

 carnivorous animals. Among the animal remains found in 

 this cave, those of the cave-bear, cave-lion, rhinoceros, bison, 

 stag, and reindeer are stated to be abundant; while those of 

 the hyaena and horse are characterised as very abundant. 

 The copiousness of the bones of the horse is probably 

 accounted for by the fact that the animal was most success- 

 fully hunted by the human troglodytes who were also in the 

 habit of introducing the produce of the chase into the cave. 

 The implements, tools, and weapons collected, in addition to 

 the food refuse, prove that man's sojourn in Kent's Cavern 

 was of long duration, though not continuous. 



From a table published by Professor Boyd Dawkins 

 (" Cave Hunting," pp. 360, 361) of the Pleistocene animals 

 living to the north of the Alps and the Pyrenees, it appears 

 that remains of the horse were found in thirty-one of the 

 forty stations tabulated. 



The Palaeolithic caverns of Belgium have been so well 

 explored, and the results so systematically arranged, that 

 the anatomical facts bearing on the present inquiry can be 

 mastered with the greatest ease. From a series of tabular 

 statements by M. E. Dupont, published in his special work 

 on the subject (" L'Homme pendant les Ages de la Pierre 

 dans les Environs de Dinant-sur-Meuse "), I have compiled the 

 accompanying abstracts of the prevailing fauna represented 



