Lal 
terior and posterior one possessing one, and the metatarsus two. 
Intimately connected with this character is another observable in 
the structure of the base of the hind femora. In all those species 
which are furnished with pulvilli the hind femora are jointed to 
the coxe by an intruding angle plainly visible from the outside, 
but in those without pulvilli the base of the femora is rounded 
and the angle only seen from the inside. 
A second most important distinction consists in the presence 
or absence of foramina, or auditory organs, of the fore tibie, 
which, when present, are always open on both sides, except in 
one of the new genera, where they are quite rudimentary. 
The form, arrangement, and number of the spines of the legs 
provide also excellent characteristics within certain limits, but 
being variable, sometimes not only in the various individuals 
but even on the right and left sides of the same insect, cannot be 
considered as of decisive value alone. 
The genital characters are very peculiar, and sometimes of ex- 
travagant forms, baffling adequate description in words. 
The ovipositor is usually of the normal structure among the 
members of the tribe, and affords good specific distinctions in 
some cases. 
The fastigium of the vertex is also very useful in diagnosing. It 
merges elther gradually into the face without distinct demarca- 
tion, or is set off more or less distinctly. Its width and markings 
are also important as specific distinctions. 
The antenne and mouth parts are unsuited for systematic use, 
notwithstanding their great, and sometimes enormous, develop- 
ment ; being mostly of a very uniform or variable type. 
The form, etc., of the clypeus and labrum, appear to deserve 
considerable attention. 
The pectus or chest is either very narrow or very broad and 
flat (in rare cases), but offers little or nothing feasible to base 
good distinctions upon. 
Organs of flight are mostly absent, but when present they re- 
semble those of crickets to a great extent in their structure. 
The presence of auditory organs in part of the family natur- 
ally suggests the possession of corresponding organs for 
producing sounds. These are, apparently, to be sought for 
in the roughened surfaces of some of the basal segments of the 
abdomen. Several varieties of structure have been observed. 
The habits of these insects, being extremely retired and wholly 
nocturnal, are little known. All of the cave-inhabiting Ortho- 
ptera belong to this family, and in some cases it has been observed 
that the eyes have become atrophied or wholly obsolete. Other 
species live in burrows under stones, logs of wood, or under 
loose bark and in hollows of trees. On account of their formid- 
